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1
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aqua (water
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Plain old water
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2
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caprylic/capric triglyceride
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A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
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3
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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4
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butylene glycol
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Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
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5
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isododecane
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An emollient that helps soften the skin and can decrease moisture loss. Helps create a nice product texture
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6
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squalane
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An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling.
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7
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cetearyl alcohol
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A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture
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8
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dimethicone
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A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish
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9
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polylactic acid
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|
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10
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sodium acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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11
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cyclodextrin
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A type of sugar that is used to support delivery of active ingredients and can enhance their penetration into the skin without disrupting the skin's barrier
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12
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ppg-12/smdi copolymer
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Used to create a nice product finish
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13
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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14
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phytosterols
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Lipids that work as an emollient and can be helpful in repairing skin barrier function
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15
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cholesterol
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An emollient that is naturally found in skin
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16
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sodium hyaluronate
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
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17
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ceramide eop
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A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin
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18
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ceramide np
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A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin
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19
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ceramide ap
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A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin
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20
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cholesteryl nonanoate
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21
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linoleic acid
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An excellent emollient. Helps soften the skin, restore its barrier function, and can help to calm down inflammation. It can be helpful to prevent blemishes and clogged pores
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22
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palmitic acid
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An emollient that is naturally present in skin and helps soften it
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23
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canola oil
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A plant oil that can help soften the upper layer of the skin
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24
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ethylhexylglycerin
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A preservative
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25
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tocopheryl acetate
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A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
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26
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daucus carota sativa (carrot) seed oil
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A plant oil that might help neutralize free radicals and have an anti-bacterial effect
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27
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rubus chamaemorus (cloudberry) seed oil
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28
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pentylene glycol
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Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
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29
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retinyl retinoate
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30
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retinal
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One step removed from the biologically active in skin form of vitamin A. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, retinal is proven to be effective against all signs of aging. It improves skin cell turnover, helps fight blemishes and clogged pores, can regulate excess oil production and even skin tone. It can, however, be quite irritating
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31
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polyhydroxystearic acid
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Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the formulation
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32
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citrus limon (lemon) peel oil
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A highly irritating fragrance
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33
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vanilla planifolia (vanilla) fruit extract
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A plant extract used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
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34
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citric acid
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Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH
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35
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citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) peel oil
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An essentil oil from orange peel. Potential allergen and can be irritating
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36
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polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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37
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citrus aurantium amara (bitter orange) leaf/twig oil
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38
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sorbitan olivate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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39
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citrus aurantium bergamia (bergamot) fruit oil
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A plant oil with a high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin and lead to allergic reactions. Can lead to photosensitivity
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40
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citrus nobilis (mandarin) peel oil
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A plant oil with high content of volatile compounds that, especially when exposed to air, can cause allergic reactions and irritate the skin
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41
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isostearic acid
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Used to create a nice product texture
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42
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phytosphingosine
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A type of lipid that is naturally present in skin. It might help in repairing skin barrier function and has anti-bacterial effect
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43
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zingiber officinale (ginger) root extract
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A plant extract that can contain an irritating essential oil. Might have some anti-oxidant effect, but evidence is lacking
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44
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lecithin
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Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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45
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carbomer
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Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations
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46
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c12-16 alcohols
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47
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caprylyl glycol
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Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
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48
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cananga odorata flower (ylang ylang) oil
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An essential oil. Can be irritating
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49
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sodium lauroyl lactylate
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Helps water and oil mix together
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50
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litsea cubeba (verbena) fruit oil
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An essential oil with a lemon-like smell that is extracted from a fruit grown in Asia. Used as a fragrance
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51
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ethyl ascorbic acid
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A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Can help neutralize free radicals and help reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products
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52
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pelargonium graveolens (geranium) oil
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53
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lonicera japonica (honeysuckle) flower extract
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A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin. Can contain volalite oils and be irritating
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54
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stearic acid
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Helps oil and water mix together and works as an emollient
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55
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lonicera caprifolium (honeysuckle) flower extract
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A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin. Can contain volalite oils and be irritating
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56
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xanthan gum
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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57
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lactic acid/glycolic acid copolymer
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58
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hydrogenated lecithin
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Helps to retain moisture by creating a protective barrier on the skin. Rich in fatty acids. Improves product texture and helps with the penetration of other ingredients.
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59
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sodium polyaspartate
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help stabilize the product formulation
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60
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acacia decurrens (black wattle) flower extract
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A plant extract that might have some anti-oxidant benefits but research on effectiveness in skin is lacking
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61
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boswellia carterii (frankincense) oil
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62
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cedrus atlantica (atlas cedar) bark oil
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63
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glyceryl caprylate
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An emollient that can also help water and oil mix together, as well as prevent bacteria growth in products
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64
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salvia sclarea (clary sage) leaf oil
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65
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vetiveria zizanoides (vetiver) root oil
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66
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phenethyl alcohol
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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67
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disodium edta
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Stabilizes the product formulation
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68
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copper heptapeptide-14 pantothenate
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69
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heptapeptide-15 palmitate
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A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles
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70
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phenylpropanol
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Helps mask the smell of other ingredients and helps preserve the product formulation
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71
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polyvinyl alcohol
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72
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titanium dioxide
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Works as a UV filter when used in high concentrations. It is photostable and is effective mostly against the UVB light, with some protection in the UVA range. In small concentrations, used for its ability to improve the color of cosmetic products. Is usually well tolerated by the skin
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73
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alumina
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The same compound that is used safely in dental implants and bone cements. In cosmetics, it is used to improve the consistency of products
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74
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bht
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A preservative
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75
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linalool
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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76
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limonene
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A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat
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77
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citral
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A fragrance with a lemon scent. A likely irritant
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78
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ci 14700 (red 4
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A colorant
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