Filorga

Filorga Hydrate & Glow Regimen

Name: Filorga - Hydrate & Glow Regimen
Brand: Filorga

Efficacy91/100IrritancyHigh

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Works for

3 of 3 advertised claims delivered

Moisturizing

Dipeptide-2, Palmitoyl oligopeptide + 50 more

Strong evidence

What the product description says

“Utilizing a potent blend of Hyaluronic Acid and NCTF (Filorga’s exclusive complex), the vitamin-rich cream visibly plumps skin to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines at the eye contour and create a refreshed appearance.”

Source: SkincareRX

This product can help improve hydration of the skin with the two types of ingredients.

The first type is called “humectants”:
these ingredients help attract water. When humectants are on the surface of the skin, they “pull in” the moisture from the outside environment, or from within deeper layers of the skin. The following ingredients in this product do the job: alanine, aminobutyric acid.

This product also contains ingredients called “occlusives”. They help reduce the speed with which our skin loses moisture to the outside environment. These ingredients also help soften the upper layer of the skin, so it feels less tight and nicer to the touch. The following ingredients in this product do the job: arginine, caprylic/capric triglyceride.

The following ingredients in this product are especially good for supporting the skin barrier and helping with the hydration level: dipeptide-2, palmitoyl oligopeptide, palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7

TyrosineKey activeEffect: High~0.15–0.6%

SerineKey activeEffect: HighAn amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.6%

AlanineKey active· HumectantEffect: HighAn amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might help to lighten the skin, but solid evidence is lacking~0.15–0.6%

Aminobutyric acidKey active· HumectantEffect: HighHas been shown to support wound healing and skin barrier function when used topically in rats. Is likely to be effective in supporting skin's hydration and barrier function, but research for human skin is missing. Might have some anti-aging properties but the research is missing~0.15–0.6%

InositolKey active· HumectantEffect: High~0.15–0.55%

IsoleucineKey activeEffect: HighAn amino acid that can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin and support skin's barrier function~0.15–0.6%

Lysine hclKey activeEffect: High~0.15–0.6%

GlutathioneKey activeEffect: HighA peptide that can help neutralize free radicals in skin and reduce melanin production resulting in skin lightening effect and reduction in hyperpigmentation. It can also help attract moisture to the upper layer of the skin~0.15–0.65%

Glutamic acidKey active· HumectantEffect: HighAn amino-acid that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin~0.15–0.6%

Dipeptide-2HeroEffect: HighA type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.5%

OrnithineKey activeEffect: HighAn amino-acid. Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin~0.15–0.6%

GlycineKey active· HumectantEffect: HighHelps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help restore the skin barrier function~0.15–0.6%

Palmitoyl oligopeptideHeroEffect: HighA type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles~0.2–0.7%

Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7Hero· EmollientEffect: HighA type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.65%

CyanocobalaminKey activeEffect: HighCan support skin barrier function and reduce inflammation in skin~0.15–0.6%

Cera albaKey active· Emollient, OcclusiveEffect: HighForms a protective barrier that holds water and keeps dry skin hydrated. Keeps an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components, and increases the thickness of a product. Can be an allergen~0.2–0.75%

Caprylic/capric triglycerideKey active· Emollient, OcclusiveEffect: HighA good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin~3.7–5.6%

HistidineKey active· HumectantEffect: High~0.15–0.6%

Calcium pantothenateKey activeEffect: HighHelps support skin barrier function improving skin hydration and reducing sensitivity~0.1–0.35%

GlycerinKey active· HumectantEffect: HighOne of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant~0.15–0.6%

HydroxyprolineKey activeEffect: HighIs helpful in restoring skin barrier function supporting its moisture levels. Is claimed to stimulte collagen production in skin but evidence is lacking~0.15–0.6%

Sodium hyaluronateKey active· HumectantEffect: HighOne of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin~0.15–0.55%

Soluble collagenKey active· HumectantEffect: HighA typically plant-derived compound that is supposed mimic human collagen. Cannot penetrate the skin barrier so is not particularly useful in skincare products beyond attracting water to the upper layer of the skin~0.15–0.55%

Aspartic acidKey active· HumectantEffect: HighAn amino-acid that helps increase skin hydration and might help to slightly improve skin firmness, potentially reducing lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.6%

SucroseKey active· HumectantEffect: HighCan help attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In crystal form, it can work as a gentle exfoliant, gentler than the salt scrub. Helps stabilize the emulsion~0.15–0.7%

ThreonineKey activeEffect: HighAn amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.6%

ArginineKey active· Humectant, OcclusiveEffect: HighAn amino acid that is naturally present in skin and helps keep it hydrated. When used together with AHAs, it can reduce their irritating effect on the skin~0.15–0.6%

CyclopentasiloxaneKey active· EmollientEffect: MediumA silicone that helps improve the product texture and spreadability. Can absorb oil creating a short-term mattifying effect on the skin~2.1–3.1%

ProlineKey activeEffect: Medium~0.15–0.65%

Prunus amygdalus dulcis oilKey active· EmollientEffect: MediumAn emollient that softens the skin~0.15–0.6%

Prunus domestica seed oilKey activeEffect: MediumHelps soften the upper layer of the skin~0.8–1.25%

Cetearyl alcoholKey active· EmollientEffect: MediumA non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture~0.15–0.65%

Dimethicone crosspolymerKey activeEffect: MediumUsed to create a thicker product texture. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and might be able to prevent moisture loss from its surface~0.35–0.8%

GlucoseKey active· HumectantEffect: MediumHelps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Could be helpful in restoring the skin barrier function~0.15–0.55%

BiotinEffect: LowMight have some moisturising properties. Is not effective when applied topically beyond some moisturizing effect~0.1–0.35%

Butylene glycol· HumectantEffect: LowUsed to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin~0.15–0.55%

C12-16 alcohols· EmollientEffect: LowHelps soften the upper layer of the skin and improve the product's texture~2.8–4.1%

Propylene glycol· HumectantEffect: LowHelps oil and water mix together and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin. It can be irritating~0.15–0.5%

Pentylene glycol· EmollientEffect: LowUsed to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture~0.15–0.65%

Caprylyl glycol· Humectant, EmollientEffect: LowHelps preserve products and creates a nice product texture~0.3–0.75%

Peg-8· HumectantEffect: LowUsed to create a nice product consistency~1.7–2.5%

Coenzyme aEffect: LowHelps soften the upper layer of the skin and dissolve other ingredients in a product~0.15–0.6%

Palmitic acid· EmollientEffect: LowAn emollient that is naturally present in skin and helps soften it~1.1–1.6%

Octyldodecanol· EmollientEffect: LowAn emollient that helps to soften the skin and create a pleasant product texture and stabilize the formulation~0.15–0.55%

Hydrogenated polydecene· EmollientEffect: LowHelps to soften the upper layer of the skin and create a nice product texture~0.15–0.55%

Sorbitol· HumectantEffect: LowHelps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture~0.15–0.55%

NiacinUnder-dosedEffect: HighA form of vitamin B3. It is similar in action to niacinamide, but is more likely to cause red flashes in skin as the side effect~0.1–0.45%

NiacinamideUnder-dosedEffect: HighIs proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture. The concentration of about 2% is effective for supporting the skin barrier and evening out the skin tone. Concentration of 4-6% is better for helping with acne and balancing the sebum production~0.1–0.45%

AllantoinUnder-dosedEffect: HighHelps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated~0.1–0.45%

Paraffinum liquidumUnder-dosedEffect: HighMineral oil. One of the most effective and well studied occlusive and emollient moisturizing ingredients. Helps reduce moisture loss in skin and repair skin barrier function~0.15–0.6%

CyclohexasiloxaneEffect: Low, below effective doseA silicone that serves as an emollient. Helps create a nice non-greasy feels~0.45–1.05%

TocopherolEffect: Low, below effective dosePure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself~0.15–0.65%

Evens skin tone

Glutathione, Chrysin + 6 more

Strong evidence

What the product description says

“The delicate cream texture delivers a veil of moisture onto skin; its dose of Rhamnose Polysaccharide relieves irritation, evens tone and brightens, and NCTF® (an anti-ageing complex used in non-surgical procedures) improves skin density for a younger-looking, more resilient complexion.”

Source: SkincareRX

This product can help reduce hypepigmentation and even out the skin tone because it contains the following effective ingredients: glutathione

The following ingredient (ingredients) in this product might be helpful, but there is no evidence to confirm that it actually can help even out the skin tone: alanine, chrysin.

Keep in mind that you would need to apply any topical skincare targetted at hypigmentation consistently for a couple of months to get a result. No topical skincare product can help get rid of hyperpigmentation (including post-acne marks and age spots) instantly.

ChrysinKey activeEffect: MediumMight be helpful in reducing fine lines and wrinkles, as well as lightening the skin, but solid evidence is missing. Could somewhat help in reducing the darkness of the under-eye area. Helps to neutralise free radicals in skin~0.15–0.55%

AlanineEffect: LowAn amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might help to lighten the skin, but solid evidence is lacking~0.15–0.6%

N-hydroxysuccinimideEffect: LowIs claimed to be able to brighten skin tone by removing some blood-related pigmented compounds in skin (hemoglobin and related elements) but solid research is missing. Can be irritating~0.15–0.5%

TaurineEffect: LowCould be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin, evening out the skin tone and neutralizing free radicals, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness~0.15–0.6%

Ascorbic acidUnder-dosedEffect: HighThe most well-researched antioxidant that works in skin. Helps neutralize free radicals supporting collagen production, helping to even out the skin tone and preventing early signs of aging~0.15–0.6%

NiacinUnder-dosedEffect: MediumA form of vitamin B3. It is similar in action to niacinamide, but is more likely to cause red flashes in skin as the side effect~0.1–0.45%

Anti-aging

Threonine, Palmitoyl oligopeptide + 14 more

Moderate evidence

What the product description says

“Gliding effortlessly onto the eye contour, the anti-aging eye cream defeats signs of fatigue by leaving eyes youthful and rejuvenated.”

Source: SkincareRX

This product contains aspartic acid, dipeptide-2, folic acid, palmitoyl oligopeptide, palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, retinyl acetate, serine, threonine. These ingredients might be able to help reduce and prevent fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin elasticity and firmness, but there is not enough evidence that it actually works.

ThreonineKey activeEffect: MediumAn amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.6%

Palmitoyl oligopeptideKey activeEffect: MediumA type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles~0.2–0.7%

Retinyl acetateKey activeEffect: Medium~0.15–0.55%

SerineKey activeEffect: MediumAn amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.6%

Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7Key activeEffect: MediumA type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.65%

Aspartic acidKey activeEffect: MediumAn amino-acid that helps increase skin hydration and might help to slightly improve skin firmness, potentially reducing lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.6%

Dipeptide-2Key activeEffect: MediumA type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles~0.15–0.5%

Folic acidKey activeEffect: MediumCan help stimulate collagen production in skin. While available studies are promising, more research is needed to confirm the efficacy in skin~0.1–0.35%

Aminobutyric acidEffect: LowHas been shown to support wound healing and skin barrier function when used topically in rats. Is likely to be effective in supporting skin's hydration and barrier function, but research for human skin is missing. Might have some anti-aging properties but the research is missing~0.15–0.6%

ChrysinEffect: LowMight be helpful in reducing fine lines and wrinkles, as well as lightening the skin, but solid evidence is missing. Could somewhat help in reducing the darkness of the under-eye area. Helps to neutralise free radicals in skin~0.15–0.55%

HydroxyprolineEffect: LowIs helpful in restoring skin barrier function supporting its moisture levels. Is claimed to stimulte collagen production in skin but evidence is lacking~0.15–0.6%

Prunus amygdalus dulcis oilEffect: LowAn emollient that softens the skin~0.15–0.6%

NiacinUnder-dosedEffect: MediumA form of vitamin B3. It is similar in action to niacinamide, but is more likely to cause red flashes in skin as the side effect~0.1–0.45%

Anti-oxidation

Not advertised by the brand · Glutathione, Pyridoxine + 6 more

Strong evidence

This product contains antioxidants (glutathione) that can help neutralize free radicals in skin. By doing so, they can lessen the damage the skin gets from the UV light (sun).

The following ingredients - chrysin, pyridoxine also can have an antioxidant effect, but there is less evidence to confirm their effectiveness in skin.

PyridoxineKey activeEffect: MediumMight help neutralize free radicals in skin, but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking. It might be irritating~0.1–0.4%

Hesperidin methyl chalconeEffect: LowMight help neutralize free radicals in skin. Is claimed to be able to improve the appearance of undereye darkness but evidence is missing. Can be an allergen and cause irritation~0.2–0.75%

TaurineEffect: LowCould be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin, evening out the skin tone and neutralizing free radicals, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness~0.15–0.6%

Prunus amygdalus dulcis oilEffect: LowAn emollient that softens the skin~0.15–0.6%

TocopherolUnder-dosedEffect: HighPure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself~0.15–0.65%

Can it cause trouble?

Irritancy

4 strong irritants: Retinyl acetate, Parfum + 2 more — patch-test recommended

High risk

We flagged 28 ingredients with irritancy potential. Severity depends on your sensitivity threshold; the table lists the worst offenders first.

IngredientFunctionIrritationEst. amount

Hesperidin methyl chalconeMight help neutralize free radicals in skin. Is claimed to be able to improve the appearance of undereye darkness but evidence is missing. Can be an allergen and cause irritationHigh~0.2–0.75%est.

Ascorbic acidThe most well-researched antioxidant that works in skin. Helps neutralize free radicals supporting collagen production, helping to even out the skin tone and preventing early signs of agingHigh~0.15–0.55%est.

Retinyl acetate—High~0.15–0.5%est.

NiacinA form of vitamin B3. It is similar in action to niacinamide, but is more likely to cause red flashes in skin as the side effectHigh~0.15–0.55%est.

PyridoxineMight help neutralize free radicals in skin, but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking. It might be irritatingHigh~0.15–0.5%est.

N-hydroxysuccinimideIs claimed to be able to brighten skin tone by removing some blood-related pigmented compounds in skin (hemoglobin and related elements) but solid research is missing. Can be irritatingHigh~0.15–0.5%est.

ParfumAn aromatic blend of unspecified and possibly irritating ingredientsHigh~0.1–0.5%est.

Propylene glycolHelps oil and water mix together and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin. It can be irritatingHigh~0.15–0.5%est.

MethylisothiazolinoneA preservative. Is a frequent allergenHigh~0.00075–0.0015%est.

Iodopropynyl butylcarbamateA preservative. Can be irritatingHigh~0.01–0.02%est.

Caprylic/capric triglycerideA good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerinMedium~3.7–5.6%est.

C12-16 alcoholsHelps soften the upper layer of the skin and improve the product's textureMedium~2.8–4.1%est.

Peg-8Used to create a nice product consistencyMedium~1.7–2.5%est.

Prunus domestica seed oilHelps soften the upper layer of the skinMedium~0.8–1.25%est.

ChlorphenesinA preservativeMedium~0.16–0.32%est.

Steareth-20Helps oil and water mix togetherMedium~0.4–0.9%est.

Caprylyl glycolHelps preserve products and creates a nice product textureMedium~0.3–0.75%est.

Tetrasodium edtaHelps to stabilize the product formulationMedium~0.15–0.65%est.

Glyceryl linoleateHelps oil and water mix togetherMedium~0.2–0.7%est.

Calcium chlorideHelps create a thicker product consistency. Might be irritatingMedium~0.15–0.55%est.

GlutathioneA peptide that can help neutralize free radicals in skin and reduce melanin production resulting in skin lightening effect and reduction in hyperpigmentation. It can also help attract moisture to the upper layer of the skinMedium~0.15–0.55%est.

TaurineCould be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin, evening out the skin tone and neutralizing free radicals, but more research is needed to confirm its effectivenessMedium~0.15–0.55%est.

Chlorhexidine digluconateA preservativeMedium~0.15–0.3%est.

Potassium sorbateA preservativeMedium~0.15–0.55%est.

ChrysinMight be helpful in reducing fine lines and wrinkles, as well as lightening the skin, but solid evidence is missing. Could somewhat help in reducing the darkness of the under-eye area. Helps to neutralise free radicals in skinMedium~0.15–0.55%est.

Pentylene glycolUsed to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product textureMedium~0.15–0.65%est.

Cera albaForms a protective barrier that holds water and keeps dry skin hydrated. Keeps an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components, and increases the thickness of a product. Can be an allergenMedium~0.2–0.75%est.

Citric acidCan work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pHMedium~0.15–0.6%est.

Comedogenic

1 ingredient rated 2 or more on the 0–5 pore-clogging scale

1 flagged

These ingredients have a comedogenic rating of 2 or more on a 0–5 scale; the table shows each one's rating. In leave-on products they can clog pores in acne-prone skin.

IngredientFunctionRatingEst. amount

Cetearyl alcoholA non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture2/5~0.15–0.65%est.

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Ingredients

Filter by role to see what each ingredient is doing.

Water~40–60%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Plain old water

More about Water

Glycerin~4.2–6.3%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant

More about Glycerin

Caprylic/capric triglyceride~3.7–5.6%

Key activeIrritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Moisturizing

A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin

More about Caprylic/capric triglyceride

C12-16 alcohols~2.8–4.1%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and improve the product's texture

More about C12-16 alcohols

Cyclopentasiloxane~2.1–3.1%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingMattifying

A silicone that helps improve the product texture and spreadability. Can absorb oil creating a short-term mattifying effect on the skin

More about Cyclopentasiloxane

Peg-8~1.7–2.5%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Moisturizing

Used to create a nice product consistency

More about Peg-8

Polyacrylate-13~1.5–2.2%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the product formulation

More about Polyacrylate-13

Hydrogenated lecithin~1.3–1.9%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

Helps to retain moisture by creating a protective barrier on the skin. Rich in fatty acids. Improves product texture and helps with the penetration of other ingredients.

More about Hydrogenated lecithin

Palmitic acid~1.1–1.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

CleansingMoisturizing

An emollient that is naturally present in skin and helps soften it

More about Palmitic acid

Prunus domestica seed oil~0.8–1.25%

Key activeIrritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps soften the upper layer of the skin

More about Prunus domestica seed oil

Polyisobutene~0.55–1.3%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Used to improve the product consistency

More about Polyisobutene

Cyclohexasiloxane~0.45–1.05%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

A silicone that serves as an emollient. Helps create a nice non-greasy feels

More about Cyclohexasiloxane

Sucrose~0.15–0.7%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In crystal form, it can work as a gentle exfoliant, gentler than the salt scrub. Helps stabilize the emulsion

More about Sucrose

Palmitate

Not recognized

Dimethicone crosspolymer~0.35–0.8%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Used to create a thicker product texture. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and might be able to prevent moisture loss from its surface

More about Dimethicone crosspolymer

Chlorphenesin~0.16–0.32%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

A preservative

More about Chlorphenesin

Steareth-20~0.4–0.9%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Cleansing

Helps oil and water mix together

More about Steareth-20

Caprylyl glycol~0.3–0.75%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture

More about Caprylyl glycol

Hesperidin methyl chalcone~0.2–0.75%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Anti-oxidation

Might help neutralize free radicals in skin. Is claimed to be able to improve the appearance of undereye darkness but evidence is missing. Can be an allergen and cause irritation

More about Hesperidin methyl chalcone

Tetrasodium edta~0.15–0.65%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Helps to stabilize the product formulation

More about Tetrasodium edta

Methylparaben~0.15–0.3%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

A preservative

More about Methylparaben

Glyceryl linoleate~0.2–0.7%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Cleansing

Helps oil and water mix together

More about Glyceryl linoleate

Sodium chloride~0.15–0.65%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Used to stabilize mixtures of oil and water, and create thicker, gel-like product textures

More about Sodium chloride

Glucose~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Could be helpful in restoring the skin barrier function

More about Glucose

Potassium chloride~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Potassium chloride

Calcium chloride~0.15–0.55%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Helps create a thicker product consistency. Might be irritating

More about Calcium chloride

Magnesium sulfate~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Used to create a thicker product consistency

More about Magnesium sulfate

Glutamine~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Glutamine

Sodium phosphate~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Helps stabilize the product formulation

More about Sodium phosphate

Sodium acetate~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Sodium acetate

Ascorbic acid~0.15–0.55%

Under-dosedIrritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Evens skin toneAnti-agingAnti-oxidation

The most well-researched antioxidant that works in skin. Helps neutralize free radicals supporting collagen production, helping to even out the skin tone and preventing early signs of aging

More about Ascorbic acid

Lysine hcl~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Lysine hcl

Arginine~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An amino acid that is naturally present in skin and helps keep it hydrated. When used together with AHAs, it can reduce their irritating effect on the skin

More about Arginine

Alanine~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingEvens skin tone

An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might help to lighten the skin, but solid evidence is lacking

More about Alanine

Histidine~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Histidine

Valine~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Valine

Leucine~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Leucine

Threonine~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles

More about Threonine

Isoleucine~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An amino acid that can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin and support skin's barrier function

More about Isoleucine

Tryptophan~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Tryptophan

Phenylalanine~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Phenylalanine

Tyrosine~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Tyrosine

Glycine~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help restore the skin barrier function

More about Glycine

Polysorbate 80~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

Helps water and oil mix together

More about Polysorbate 80

Serine~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles

More about Serine

2'-deoxyadenosine~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about 2'-deoxyadenosine

Cystine~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Cystine

Glutathione~0.15–0.55%

Key activeIrritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Anti-oxidationMoisturizingEvens skin tone

A peptide that can help neutralize free radicals in skin and reduce melanin production resulting in skin lightening effect and reduction in hyperpigmentation. It can also help attract moisture to the upper layer of the skin

More about Glutathione

Cyanocobalamin~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-inflammatoryMoisturizing

Can support skin barrier function and reduce inflammation in skin

More about Cyanocobalamin

Deoxycytidine~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Deoxycytidine

Deoxyguanosine~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Deoxyguanosine

Desoxythymidine

Not recognized

Asparagine~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Asparagine

Aspartic acid~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

An amino-acid that helps increase skin hydration and might help to slightly improve skin firmness, potentially reducing lines and wrinkles

More about Aspartic acid

Ornithine~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An amino-acid. Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin

More about Ornithine

Glutamic acid~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An amino-acid that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin

More about Glutamic acid

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Proline~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Proline

Aminobutyric acid~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-agingAnti-inflammatory

Has been shown to support wound healing and skin barrier function when used topically in rats. Is likely to be effective in supporting skin's hydration and barrier function, but research for human skin is missing. Might have some anti-aging properties but the research is missing

More about Aminobutyric acid

Methionine~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Methionine

Taurine~0.15–0.55%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Anti-inflammatoryAnti-oxidationAnti-blemishEvens skin tone

Could be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin, evening out the skin tone and neutralizing free radicals, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness

More about Taurine

Hydroxyproline~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingCleansingAnti-aging

Is helpful in restoring skin barrier function supporting its moisture levels. Is claimed to stimulte collagen production in skin but evidence is lacking

More about Hydroxyproline

Glucosamine~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Glucosamine

Coenzyme a~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and dissolve other ingredients in a product

More about Coenzyme a

Glucuronolactone~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Glucuronolactone

Sodium glucuronate~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Sodium glucuronate

Disodium uridine phosphate~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Disodium uridine phosphate

Thiamine diphosphate~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Thiamine diphosphate

Disodium flavine adenine dinucleotide~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Disodium flavine adenine dinucleotide

Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Retinyl acetate~0.15–0.5%

Key activeIrritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Anti-aging

More about Retinyl acetate

Inositol~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Inositol

Methyl deoxycytidine

Not recognized

Niacin~0.15–0.55%

Under-dosedIrritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

MoisturizingEvens skin toneAnti-agingAnti-blemish

A form of vitamin B3. It is similar in action to niacinamide, but is more likely to cause red flashes in skin as the side effect

More about Niacin

Niacinamide~0.15–0.55%

Under-dosed

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Evens skin toneMoisturizingAnti-blemishAnti-agingReduces irritationAnti-inflammatoryReduces rednessAntibacterial

Is proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture. The concentration of about 2% is effective for supporting the skin barrier and evening out the skin tone. Concentration of 4-6% is better for helping with acne and balancing the sebum production

More about Niacinamide

Pyridoxal

Not recognized

Pyridoxine~0.15–0.5%

Key activeIrritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Anti-oxidation

Might help neutralize free radicals in skin, but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking. It might be irritating

More about Pyridoxine

Biotin~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Might have some moisturising properties. Is not effective when applied topically beyond some moisturizing effect

More about Biotin

Calcium pantothenate~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Reduces irritationMoisturizing

Helps support skin barrier function improving skin hydration and reducing sensitivity

More about Calcium pantothenate

Folic acid~0.15–0.5%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-aging

Can help stimulate collagen production in skin. While available studies are promising, more research is needed to confirm the efficacy in skin

More about Folic acid

Riboflavin~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Riboflavin

Thiamine diphosphate~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Thiamine diphosphate

Tocopheryl phosphate~0.2–0.7%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

More about Tocopheryl phosphate

Polysorbate 20~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

Helps oil and water mix together

More about Polysorbate 20

Tromethamine~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Helps adjust pH in products

More about Tromethamine

Prunus amygdalus dulcis oil~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-oxidationAnti-aging

An emollient that softens the skin

More about Prunus amygdalus dulcis oil

Sodium polyacrylate~0.15–0.65%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Mattifying

Used to create a gel-like product texture, as well as to stabilize emulsions

More about Sodium polyacrylate

Chlorhexidine digluconate~0.15–0.3%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

A preservative

More about Chlorhexidine digluconate

Sodium hyaluronate~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin

More about Sodium hyaluronate

Potassium sorbate~0.15–0.55%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

A preservative

More about Potassium sorbate

N-hydroxysuccinimide~0.15–0.5%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Evens skin tone

Is claimed to be able to brighten skin tone by removing some blood-related pigmented compounds in skin (hemoglobin and related elements) but solid research is missing. Can be irritating

More about N-hydroxysuccinimide

Dipeptide-2~0.15–0.5%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles

More about Dipeptide-2

Phenoxyethanol~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products

More about Phenoxyethanol

Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7~0.15–0.65%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles

More about Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7

Tocopherol~0.15–0.55%

Under-dosed

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-oxidationAnti-inflammatoryMoisturizingAnti-aging

Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself

More about Tocopherol

Chrysin~0.15–0.55%

Key activeIrritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Anti-oxidationEvens skin toneAnti-aging

Might be helpful in reducing fine lines and wrinkles, as well as lightening the skin, but solid evidence is missing. Could somewhat help in reducing the darkness of the under-eye area. Helps to neutralise free radicals in skin

More about Chrysin

Palmitoyl oligopeptide~0.2–0.7%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingCleansingAnti-aging

A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles

More about Palmitoyl oligopeptide

Parfum~0.1–0.5%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

An aromatic blend of unspecified and possibly irritating ingredients

More about Parfum

Butylparaben~0.2–0.4%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

A preservative

More about Butylparaben

Ethylparaben~0.2–0.4%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

A preservative

More about Ethylparaben

Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7~0.15–0.65%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles

More about Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7

Isobutylparaben~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

A preservative

More about Isobutylparaben

Propylparaben~0.2–0.4%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

A preservative

More about Propylparaben

Water~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Plain old water

More about Water

Glycerin~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant

More about Glycerin

Paraffinum liquidum~0.15–0.6%

Under-dosed

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Mineral oil. One of the most effective and well studied occlusive and emollient moisturizing ingredients. Helps reduce moisture loss in skin and repair skin barrier function

More about Paraffinum liquidum

Cetearyl alcohol~0.15–0.65%

Key activeComedogenic 2/5

Irritation risk: Low
Comedogenicity: 2/5

Works for

CleansingMoisturizing

A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture

More about Cetearyl alcohol

Sorbitol~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture

More about Sorbitol

Butylene glycol~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin

More about Butylene glycol

C20-22 alkyl phosphate~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

More about C20-22 alkyl phosphate

Pentaerythrityl distearate~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

More about Pentaerythrityl distearate

Pentylene glycol~0.15–0.65%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Moisturizing

Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture

More about Pentylene glycol

Ci 77891~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Ci 77891

C20-22 alcohols~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about C20-22 alcohols

Octyldodecanol~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An emollient that helps to soften the skin and create a pleasant product texture and stabilize the formulation

More about Octyldodecanol

Phenoxyethanol~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products

More about Phenoxyethanol

Cera alba~0.2–0.75%

Key activeIrritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

CleansingMoisturizing

Forms a protective barrier that holds water and keeps dry skin hydrated. Keeps an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components, and increases the thickness of a product. Can be an allergen

More about Cera alba

Hydrolyzed elastin~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Hydrolyzed elastin

Soluble collagen~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

A typically plant-derived compound that is supposed mimic human collagen. Cannot penetrate the skin barrier so is not particularly useful in skincare products beyond attracting water to the upper layer of the skin

More about Soluble collagen

Hydrogenated polydecene~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and create a nice product texture

More about Hydrogenated polydecene

Parfum~0.1–0.5%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

An aromatic blend of unspecified and possibly irritating ingredients

More about Parfum

Sucrose palmitate~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

More about Sucrose palmitate

Xanthan gum~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

Used to create a thicker product consistency

More about Xanthan gum

Propylene glycol~0.15–0.5%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps oil and water mix together and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin. It can be irritating

More about Propylene glycol

Hydroxystearic acid~0.2–0.75%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

More about Hydroxystearic acid

Sodium hydroxide~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Used to adjust the product's pH

More about Sodium hydroxide

Biosaccharide gum-2~0.15–0.5%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Biosaccharide gum-2

Allantoin~0.1–0.45%

Under-dosed

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-inflammatoryMoisturizingReduces irritationReduces rednessAnti-blemishExfoliation

Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated

More about Allantoin

Glyceryl linoleate~0.15–0.65%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Cleansing

Helps oil and water mix together

More about Glyceryl linoleate

Prunus amygdalus dulcis oil~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-oxidationAnti-aging

An emollient that softens the skin

More about Prunus amygdalus dulcis oil

Sodium chloride~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Used to stabilize mixtures of oil and water, and create thicker, gel-like product textures

More about Sodium chloride

Methylisothiazolinone~0.00075–0.0015%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

A preservative. Is a frequent allergen

More about Methylisothiazolinone

Glucose~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Could be helpful in restoring the skin barrier function

More about Glucose

Sodium hyaluronate~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin

More about Sodium hyaluronate

Citric acid~0.15–0.6%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH

More about Citric acid

Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate~0.01–0.02%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

A preservative. Can be irritating

More about Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate

Potassium chloride~0.15–0.65%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Potassium chloride

Potassium sorbate~0.3–0.6%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

A preservative

More about Potassium sorbate

Calcium chloride~0.15–0.65%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Helps create a thicker product consistency. Might be irritating

More about Calcium chloride

Magnesium sulfate~0.15–0.7%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Used to create a thicker product consistency

More about Magnesium sulfate

Glutamine~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Glutamine

Sodium phosphate~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Helps stabilize the product formulation

More about Sodium phosphate

Ascorbic acid~0.15–0.6%

Under-dosedIrritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Anti-oxidationEvens skin toneAnti-aging

The most well-researched antioxidant that works in skin. Helps neutralize free radicals supporting collagen production, helping to even out the skin tone and preventing early signs of aging

More about Ascorbic acid

Sodium acetate~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Sodium acetate

Tocopherol~0.15–0.65%

Under-dosed

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-oxidationAnti-agingAnti-inflammatoryMoisturizing

Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself

More about Tocopherol

Lysine hcl~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Lysine hcl

Arginine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An amino acid that is naturally present in skin and helps keep it hydrated. When used together with AHAs, it can reduce their irritating effect on the skin

More about Arginine

Alanine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingEvens skin tone

An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might help to lighten the skin, but solid evidence is lacking

More about Alanine

Histidine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Histidine

Valine~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Valine

Leucine~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Leucine

Threonine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles

More about Threonine

Isoleucine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An amino acid that can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin and support skin's barrier function

More about Isoleucine

Tryptophan~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Tryptophan

Phenylalanine~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Phenylalanine

Tyrosine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Tyrosine

Glycine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help restore the skin barrier function

More about Glycine

Polysorbate 80~0.15–0.7%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

Helps water and oil mix together

More about Polysorbate 80

Serine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles

More about Serine

Cystine~0.15–0.65%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Cystine

Cyanocobalamin~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-inflammatoryMoisturizing

Can support skin barrier function and reduce inflammation in skin

More about Cyanocobalamin

Glutathione~0.15–0.65%

Key activeIrritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Evens skin toneMoisturizingAnti-oxidation

More about Glutathione

Asparagine~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Asparagine

Aspartic acid~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-aging

An amino-acid that helps increase skin hydration and might help to slightly improve skin firmness, potentially reducing lines and wrinkles

More about Aspartic acid

Ornithine~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An amino-acid. Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin

More about Ornithine

Glutamic acid~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

An amino-acid that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin

More about Glutamic acid

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Proline~0.15–0.65%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Proline

Aminobutyric acid~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-inflammatoryAnti-aging

More about Aminobutyric acid

Methionine~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Methionine

Taurine~0.15–0.6%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Anti-blemishAnti-oxidationAnti-inflammatoryEvens skin tone

Could be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin, evening out the skin tone and neutralizing free radicals, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness

More about Taurine

Hydroxyproline~0.15–0.6%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingCleansingAnti-aging

Is helpful in restoring skin barrier function supporting its moisture levels. Is claimed to stimulte collagen production in skin but evidence is lacking

More about Hydroxyproline

Glucosamine~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Glucosamine

Coenzyme a~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and dissolve other ingredients in a product

More about Coenzyme a

Thiamine diphosphate~0.15–0.55%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Thiamine diphosphate

Retinyl acetate~0.15–0.55%

Key activeIrritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Anti-aging

More about Retinyl acetate

Inositol~0.15–0.55%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

More about Inositol

Niacin~0.1–0.45%

Under-dosedIrritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

MoisturizingEvens skin toneAnti-agingAnti-blemish

A form of vitamin B3. It is similar in action to niacinamide, but is more likely to cause red flashes in skin as the side effect

More about Niacin

Niacinamide~0.1–0.45%

Under-dosed

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-agingEvens skin toneMoisturizingAnti-blemishReduces irritationAnti-inflammatoryReduces rednessAntibacterial

More about Niacinamide

Pyridoxine~0.1–0.4%

Key activeIrritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Anti-oxidation

Might help neutralize free radicals in skin, but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking. It might be irritating

More about Pyridoxine

Biotin~0.1–0.35%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Might have some moisturising properties. Is not effective when applied topically beyond some moisturizing effect

More about Biotin

Calcium pantothenate~0.1–0.35%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingReduces irritation

Helps support skin barrier function improving skin hydration and reducing sensitivity

More about Calcium pantothenate

Folic acid~0.1–0.35%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-aging

Can help stimulate collagen production in skin. While available studies are promising, more research is needed to confirm the efficacy in skin

More about Folic acid

Riboflavin~0.05–0.25%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Riboflavin

Tocopheryl phosphate~0.1–0.45%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

More about Tocopheryl phosphate

Ingredient list view

Water, Glycerin, Caprylic/capric triglyceride, C12-16 alcohols, Cyclopentasiloxane, Peg-8, Polyacrylate-13, Hydrogenated lecithin, Palmitic acid, Prunus domestica seed oil, Polyisobutene, Cyclohexasiloxane, Sucrose, Unknown, Dimethicone crosspolymer, Chlorphenesin, Steareth-20, Caprylyl glycol, Hesperidin methyl chalcone, Tetrasodium edta, Methylparaben, Glyceryl linoleate, Sodium chloride, Glucose, Potassium chloride, Calcium chloride, Magnesium sulfate, Glutamine, Sodium phosphate, Sodium acetate, Ascorbic acid, Lysine hcl, Arginine, Alanine, Histidine, Valine, Leucine, Threonine, Isoleucine, Tryptophan, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Glycine, Polysorbate 80, Serine, 2'-deoxyadenosine, Cystine, Glutathione, Cyanocobalamin, Deoxycytidine, Deoxyguanosine, Unknown, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Ornithine, Glutamic acid, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, Proline, Aminobutyric acid, Methionine, Taurine, Hydroxyproline, Glucosamine, Coenzyme a, Glucuronolactone, Sodium glucuronate, Disodium uridine phosphate, Thiamine diphosphate, Disodium flavine adenine dinucleotide, Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate, Retinyl acetate, Inositol, Unknown, Niacin, Niacinamide, Unknown, Pyridoxine, Biotin, Calcium pantothenate, Folic acid, Riboflavin, Thiamine diphosphate, Tocopheryl phosphate, Polysorbate 20, Tromethamine, Prunus amygdalus dulcis oil, Sodium polyacrylate, Chlorhexidine digluconate, Sodium hyaluronate, Potassium sorbate, N-hydroxysuccinimide, Dipeptide-2, Phenoxyethanol, Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, Tocopherol, Chrysin, Palmitoyl oligopeptide, Parfum, Butylparaben, Ethylparaben, Palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, Isobutylparaben, Propylparaben, Water, Glycerin, Paraffinum liquidum, Cetearyl alcohol, Sorbitol, Butylene glycol, C20-22 alkyl phosphate, Pentaerythrityl distearate, Pentylene glycol, Ci 77891, C20-22 alcohols, Octyldodecanol, Phenoxyethanol, Cera alba, Hydrolyzed elastin, Soluble collagen, Hydrogenated polydecene, Parfum, Sucrose palmitate, Xanthan gum, Propylene glycol, Hydroxystearic acid, Sodium hydroxide, Biosaccharide gum-2, Allantoin, Glyceryl linoleate, Prunus amygdalus dulcis oil, Sodium chloride, Methylisothiazolinone, Glucose, Sodium hyaluronate, Citric acid, Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, Potassium chloride, Potassium sorbate, Calcium chloride, Magnesium sulfate, Glutamine, Sodium phosphate, Ascorbic acid, Sodium acetate, Tocopherol, Lysine hcl, Arginine, Alanine, Histidine, Valine, Leucine, Threonine, Isoleucine, Tryptophan, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Glycine, Polysorbate 80, Serine, Cystine, Cyanocobalamin, Glutathione, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Ornithine, Glutamic acid, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, Proline, Aminobutyric acid, Methionine, Taurine, Hydroxyproline, Glucosamine, Coenzyme a, Thiamine diphosphate, Retinyl acetate, Inositol, Niacin, Niacinamide, Pyridoxine, Biotin, Calcium pantothenate, Folic acid, Riboflavin, Tocopheryl phosphate

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Worth comparing, line by line.

Match % combines shared ingredients, the first five ingredients, shared actives and hero ingredients, irritancy (lower counts in the alternative's favour), texture and body area. Only products in the same routine step are compared.

Side-by-side comparison of this product against its closest alternatives
	FilorgaHydrate & Glow RegimenYOUR PRODUCT	Dr. Bailey Skin CareAdvanced Corrective Eye Cream	ReplenixBrightening Eye Cream for Discoloration	JuneCellRejuvenation Enriched Eye Cream
Match	—	82%	82%	81%
Price	—	—	$46.50	—
Shared key ingredients	—	8 of 35	8 of 35	19 of 35
Key difference	—	Vitamin C	Vitamin C	Copper Tripeptide-1
Irritancy	High	Medium	Medium	High
Drying alcohol	—	—	—	Contains drying alcohol
	View product	Shop	Shop	Shop

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Sources cited in this review

Every concentration estimate and effectiveness label is anchored to one of these 52 studies and safety reviews.

1
Glycerol and the skin: holistic approach to its origin and functionsncbi.nlm.nih.gov
2
Final report of the cosmetic ingredient review expert panel on the safety assessment of Polyisobutene and Hydrogenated Polyisobutene as used in cosmeticssemanticscholar.org
3
Hesperidin methyl chalcone - a new cosmetic contact allergenncbi.nlm.nih.gov
4
Benefits of Hesperidin for Cutaneous Functionshindawi.com
5
Topical Glucose Induces Claudin-1 and Filaggrin Expression in a Mouse Model of Atopic Dermatitis and in Keratinocyte Culture, Exerting Anti-inflammatory Effects by Repairing Skin Barrier Functionncbi.nlm.nih.gov
6
Safety Assessment of Magnesium Sulfate as Used in Cosmeticsncbi.nlm.nih.gov
7
Combination of amino acids reduces pigmentation in B16F0 melanoma cellsncbi.nlm.nih.gov
8
Histidine and/or Histidine Derivative for the Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseasespatents.google.com
9
Safety Assessment of α-Amino Acids as Used in Cosmeticsciteseerx.ist.psu.edu
10
Topical palmitoyl pentapeptide provides improvement in photoaged human facial skinonlinelibrary.wiley.com
11
Local rhamnosoft, ceramides and L‐isoleucine in atopic eczema: a randomized, placebo controlled trialonlinelibrary.wiley.com
12
Effect of Topical Application of Glycine and Proline on Recalcitrant Leg Ulcers of Prolidase Deficiencyjamanetwork.com
13
Functional glycine receptor in cultured human keratinocytesonlinelibrary.wiley.com
14
Glutathione as a skin whitening agent: Facts, myths, evidence and controversiesijdvl.com
15
Glutathione for skin lightening: a regnant myth or evidence-based verity?ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
16
Glutathione for skin lightening for dermatologists and cosmetologistsijord.com
17
Topical vitamin B12--a new therapeutic approach in atopic dermatitis-evaluation of efficacy and tolerability in a randomized placebo-controlled multicentre clinical trialpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
18
Superiority of a vitamin B12-containing emollient compared to a standard emollient in the maintenance treatment of mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasisncbi.nlm.nih.gov
19
Acetyl aspartic acid, a novel active ingredient, demonstrates potential to improve signs of skin ageing: from consumer need to clinical proofncbi.nlm.nih.gov
20
In vivo topical application of acetyl aspartic acid increases fibrillin-1 and collagen IV deposition leading to a significant improvement of skin firmnessncbi.nlm.nih.gov
21
gamma-Aminobutyric acid (A) receptor agonists accelerate cutaneous barrier recovery and prevent epidermal hyperplasia induced by barrier disruptionpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
22
Wound healing activity of gamma-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in ratspubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
23
Moisturizing effect of Gamma-aminobutyric acid for cosmetic applicationam-2017.weebly.com
24
Stimulation of human fibroblast collagen synthesis in vitro by gamma-aminobutyric acidpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
25
Cosmeceuttical Critigue: Taurinemdedge.com
26
Topical effects of N-acetyl-L-hydroxyproline on ceramide synthesis and alleviation of pruritusncbi.nlm.nih.gov
27
Niacinamide - mechanisms of action and its topical use in dermatologyncbi.nlm.nih.gov
28
Gehring, W. (2004). Nicotinic acid/niacinamide and the skin. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 3(2), 88–93. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2130.2004.00115.x ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
29
Cutaneous Metabolism of Vitamin B-6sciencedirect.com
30
Calcium pantothenate modulates gene expression in proliferating human dermal fibroblastsonlinelibrary.wiley.com
31
Dexpanthenol Modulates Gene Expression in Skin Wound Healing in vivokarger.com
32
Dexapanthenol enhances skin barrier repair and reduces inflammation after sodium lauryl sulphate-induced irritationtandfonline.com
33
Folic acid and creatine improve the firmness of human skin in vivopubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
34
Safety Assessment of Tromethamine as Used in Cosmeticscir-safety.org
35
Anti-Inflammatory and Skin Barrier Repair Effects of Topical Application of Some Plant Oilsmdpi.com
36
Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin agingncbi.nlm.nih.gov
37
Hyaluronan (Hyaluronic Acid): a natural moisturizer for skin careresearchgate.net
38
Vitamin E in dermatologyncbi.nlm.nih.gov
39
Vitamin E and Skin Healthlpi.oregonstate.edu
40
Anti-photoageing and anti-melanogenesis activities of chrysinncbi.nlm.nih.gov
41
Chrysin Protects Epidermal Keratinocytes from UVA- and UVB-Induced Damagepubs.acs.org
42
Inhibition of melanogenesis by 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) via blocking adenylyl cyclase activitysciencedirect.com
43
Final amended report on the safety assessment of Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Isopropylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Benzylparaben as used in cosmetic productsncbi.nlm.nih.gov
44
A review on the extensive skin benefits of mineral oilncbi.nlm.nih.gov
45
Efficacy of barrier creams in comparison to skin care products in dental laboratory technicians--a controlled trialncbi.nlm.nih.gov
46
Safety Assessment of Polyene Group as Used in Cosmeticscir-safety.org
47
Surfactants and experimental irritant contact dermatitisncbi.nlm.nih.gov
48
Propylene Glycolpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
49
Skin-sensitizing and irritant properties of propylene glycolonlinelibrary.wiley.com
50
Profile of wound healing process induced by allantoinscielo.br
51
Methylisothiazolinone contact allergy: a reviewpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
52
Safety Assessment of Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate as Used in Cosmeticscir-safety.org

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