Pos	Ingredient Name	Description
1	aqua/water/eau	Plain old water
2	dicaprylyl carbonate	Helps products spread more easily and works as an emollient to soften skin
3	octocrylene	A weak sunscreen that protects against the sun rays that cause sunburn (UVB) and is somewhat effective against the UVA rays. It is quite stable and can help stabilize other, more vulnerable, sunscreen ingredients like Avobenzone. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen
4	methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol	Tinosorb M. A UV filter. Is effective against both UVA and UVB rays. It is photostable and can also be used to improve photostability of other sunscreen ingredients. It is soluble in water, which helps to create lightweight sunscreen formulations. Unfortunately, it is not approved by the FDA (US) yet
5	[nano],	The ingredient is not recognized
6	glycerin	One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
7	butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane	Avobenzone. A broad spectrum sunscreen meaning that it can protect against both UVA rays. Currently, it is the only sunscreen ingredient available in the US (approved by the FDA) with the peak absorbance within the UVA I range. It loses its effectiveness quickly when exposed to sunlight. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation
8	dipropylene glycol	Helps to dissolve other ingredients in a formulation. Slows down the rate of product drying
9	bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine	Tinosorb S. One of the most effective broad spectrum sunscreen ingredients. Protects from both UVA and UVB rays. It is photostable. Unfortunately, not approved by FDA (US) yet.
10	dimethicone	A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish
11	ascorbyl glucoside	A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Has a potential to boost collagen production, nutralise free radicals and reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products
12	butyrospermum parkii (shea) oil
13	niacinamide	Is proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture
14	silica	Used to absorb oil and can temporarily mattify skin
15	polymethylsilsesquioxane	A silicone that improves product texture and helps dissolve other ingredients. Can form a non-greasy film on the skin to prevent moisture loss
16	jojoba esters	An emollient made of jojoba oil. Helps soften the skin and support its barrier function
17	hdi/trimethylol hexyllactone crosspolymer	Used to create a silky product texture and add volume to products
18	decyl glucoside	Helps oil and water mix together. Can be irritating
19	c20-22 alkyl phosphate
20	c20-22 alcohols
21	xanthan gum	Used to create a thicker product consistency
22	helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed wax	Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and support skin's barrier function while creating a thicker product consistency
23	dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer	Used to stabilize product formulations and create a nice product texture
24	pentylene glycol	Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
25	tocopheryl acetate	A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
26	sodium hydroxide	Used to adjust the product's pH
27	hydrogenated castor oil	A plant oil that can help soften the skin. It might be helpful in calming down inflammation, but solid research is lacking. Is often used in lip products to create the needed product consistency
28	salicylic acid	Used for skin exfoliation. It has an anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effect, helps to unclog pores, prevent blemishes and speed up healing of the existing ones. Sometimes referred to as a BHA (beta-hydroxy acid)
29	sodium citrate	Helps to control the skin's pH level. Maintains the skin's natural film of amino-lactic acids and oils. Helps to preserve products
30	lysine	An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles
31	azelaic acid	Is produced by a yeast that lives on normal human skin. It is used in medicine as a topical treatment for mild to moderate acne. It has a mild exfoliating effect. It can also help reduce hyperpigmentation, helps calm down inflammation and can help neutralize free radicals
32	mannitol	Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin
33	polyglycerin-3	Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin
34	xylitol	Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrier function
35	andrographis paniculata leaf extract
36	rhamnose
37	propylene glycol	Helps oil and water mix together and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin
38	acacia decurrens flower wax	Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
39	saccharide isomerate	Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin
40	glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root extract	A plant extract that can help lighten the skin and calm down inflammation. Might be helpful in neutralizing free radicals
41	tocopherol	Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
42	fructooligosaccharides	Help attract water to the upper layer of the skin
43	caprylic/capric triglyceride	A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
44	laminaria ochroleuca extract
45	fragrance (parfum	An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients
46	). [bi 747]	The ingredient is not recognized

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Ingredient	Effectiveness	Concentration	Irritancy
jojoba esters	HIGH
niacinamide	HIGH
polymethylsilsesquioxane	HIGH

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