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1
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water
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Plain old water
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2
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glycolic acid
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An alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that helps to remove the dead skin cells on the surface of the skin reveling a more even, smoother complexation. It is also able to stimulate collagen production with long-term use. Could help to reduce pore congestion. It can be irritating to the skin. Apply sunscreen daily if using products with glycolic acid
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3
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propanediol
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Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin
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4
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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5
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sodium acrylates copolymer
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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6
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oligopeptide-68
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A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles
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7
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alpha-arbutin
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Might help reduce hyperpigmentation when used regularly over a long period of time
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8
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glutathione
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A peptide that can help neutralize free radicals in skin and reduce melanin production resulting in skin lightening effect and reduction in hyperpigmentation. It can also help attract moisture to the upper layer of the skin
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9
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kojic acid
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Helps to reduce hyperpigmentation and neutralize free radicals. Can be irritating
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10
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retinol palmitate
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Three steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. To have an effect in the skin, it first needs to be converted twice to become the retinoic acid. This means it is less potent than retinol, but could also be less irritating. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, it helps against all signs of aging, improves skin cell turnover and helps fight blemishes and clogged pores. However, in many cosmetic formulations, it is used in a concentration that is too low to have the full effect
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11
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tocopherol
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Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
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12
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oil,
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The ingredient is not recognized
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13
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aloe barbadensis leaf juice
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Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin
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14
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salix nigra (willow) bark extract
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15
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hamamelis virginiana (witch hazel) water
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A plant extract that can help calm down inflammation in skin. Can, however, itself be irritating
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16
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arnica montana (arnica) extract
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17
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niacinamide
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Is proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture
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18
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azelaic acid
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Is produced by a yeast that lives on normal human skin. It is used in medicine as a topical treatment for mild to moderate acne. It has a mild exfoliating effect. It can also help reduce hyperpigmentation, helps calm down inflammation and can help neutralize free radicals
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19
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zinc oxide
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A broad spectrum sunblock (protects from both UVA and UVB rays). Is suitable for most sensitive skins. In small concentrations, can be used as a colorant
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20
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echinacea angistifolia root, opuntia ficus-indica stem extract
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21
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alcohol
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Can be drying and contribute to skin irritation. Used in formulars to dissolve other ingredients, create a thinner product consistency or for its antibacterial properties
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22
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citric acid
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Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH
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23
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lecithin
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Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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24
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sodium phytate
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Used to stabilize product formulations
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25
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alcohol
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Can be drying and contribute to skin irritation. Used in formulars to dissolve other ingredients, create a thinner product consistency or for its antibacterial properties
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26
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butylene glycol
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Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
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27
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hydrogenated lecithin
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Helps to retain moisture by creating a protective barrier on the skin. Rich in fatty acids. Improves product texture and helps with the penetration of other ingredients.
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28
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sodium oleate
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Helps oil and water mix together and create a thicker product consistency
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29
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disodium edta
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Stabilizes the product formulation
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30
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sodium hydroxide
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Used to adjust the product's pH
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31
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polyacrylate-13
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Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the product formulation
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32
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polyisobutene
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Used to improve the product consistency
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33
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polysorbate 20
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Helps oil and water mix together
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34
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ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/vp copolymer
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Increases thickness of a product. Texture enhancer for oil-in-water emulsions
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35
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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36
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ethylhexylglycerin
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A preservative
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37
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1,3 propanediol
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Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin
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38
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carbomer
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Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations
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39
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dimethicone
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A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish
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40
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peg-40 stearate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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41
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silica
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Used to absorb oil and can temporarily mattify skin
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42
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sodium citrate
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Helps to control the skin's pH level. Maintains the skin's natural film of amino-lactic acids and oils. Helps to preserve products
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43
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sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
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44
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sorbitan stearate
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Helps water and oil mix together
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45
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xanthan gum
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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46
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sorbitan isostearate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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47
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benzoic acid
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A preservative
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48
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glycine soja (soybean) oil
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A good emollient that helps soften the skin and helps repair its barrier function
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Maria from WIMJ
