Glycine soja seed extract

1-TRIMETHYL-2-CYCLOHEXENYL-1-PENTEN-3-ONE

ACETYL GLUCOSAMINE

An effective moisturizing ingredient that also has been shown to be effective in evening out the skin tone and reducing hyperpigmentation. It can help somewhat reduce wrinkles in skin

BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII BUTTER

A great moisturising ingredient that softens the skin and reduces water loss from its upper layer. It also can be helpful in protecting skin from free radicals

CAMELLIA SINENSIS LEAF

Green tea leaf powder that might contain antioxidants to help neutralize free radicals in skin

CAMELLIA SINENSIS LEAF EXTRACT

Can contain potent anti-oxidant compounds (abbreviated ECG, GCG, EGC, and EGCG) that might help protect the skin from free radicals. Can help calm down inflammation and has some anti-bacterial properties. Unfortunately, these antioxidants are unstable and lose their effectiveness very quickly in products. The concentration of the antioxidant compounds in the extract also tends to be low to be effective in topical formulation

ALARIA ESCULENTA EXTRACT

Works as a humectant helping to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might be effective as an anti-oxidant.

ASCORBIC ACID

The most well-researched antioxidant that works in skin. Helps neutralize free radicals supporting collagen production, helping to even out the skin tone and preventing early signs of aging

AVENA SATIVA KERNEL EXTRACT

An effective moisturizing and skin barrier repair ingredient. Helps calm down inflammation and has some anti-oxidant properties

BETULA ALBA BARK EXTRACT

Has astringent properties. Creates a tightening and drying effect on the skin. Can be irritating

BRASSICA OLERACEA ITALICA EXTRACT

Might have some anti-inflammatory properties but research is lacking

1-TRIMETHYL-2-CYCLOHEXENYL-1-PENTEN-3-ONE

POLYGLYCERIN-6

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin

ACETYL GLUCOSAMINE

An effective moisturizing ingredient that also has been shown to be effective in evening out the skin tone and reducing hyperpigmentation. It can help somewhat reduce wrinkles in skin

AHNFELTIA CONCINNA EXTRACT

An algae extract that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Also used to create a thicker product texture

AHNFELTIOPSIS CONCINNA EXTRACT

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin

1-TRIMETHYL-2-CYCLOHEXENYL-1-PENTEN-3-ONE

ASCORBYL TETRAISOPALMITATE

A vitamin C derivative. Studies show that is might be effective in reducing hyperpigmentation, but there are no studies confirming that it is effectively converted into the bioavailable form of Vitamin C in skin. It is not clear how this derivative compares in effectiveness to the topical application of bioavailable form of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid)

ASCORBYL GLUCOSIDE

A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Has a potential to boost collagen production, nutralise free radicals and reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products

ACETYL GLUCOSAMINE

An effective moisturizing ingredient that also has been shown to be effective in evening out the skin tone and reducing hyperpigmentation. It can help somewhat reduce wrinkles in skin

GLUCOSAMINE HCL

Might be able to stimulate production of skin's natural moisturizing compounds such as hyaluronic acid. Could be helpful for evening the skin tone.

ALLANTOIN

Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated

AVENA SATIVA KERNEL EXTRACT

An effective moisturizing and skin barrier repair ingredient. Helps calm down inflammation and has some anti-oxidant properties

GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA ROOT EXTRACT

A plant extract that can help lighten the skin and calm down inflammation. Might be helpful in neutralizing free radicals

NIACINAMIDE

Is proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture. The concentration of about 2% is effective for supporting the skin barrier and evening out the skin tone. Concentration of 4-6% is better for helping with acne and balancing the sebum production

PANTHENOL

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function