Pos	Ingredient Name	Description
1	tocopherol (vitamin e	Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
2	swertia chirata extract	A plant extract that can have an anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effect, but evidence of effectiveness is lacking
3	squalene	An oil that is naturally part of skin sebum that helps to soften its upper layer, reduce water loss and neutralize free radicals. It might be comedogenic. Avoid applying large concentrations (or pure oil) before sun exposure as oxidized squalene can clog pores and lead to skin irritation. Today squalene is mostly derived from vegetable oils or synthetized by yeast
4	sorbic acid	A preservative
5	sodium citrate	Helps to control the skin's pH level. Maintains the skin's natural film of amino-lactic acids and oils. Helps to preserve products
6	sodium benzoate	A preservative
7	salicylic acid	Used for skin exfoliation. It has an anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effect, helps to unclog pores, prevent blemishes and speed up healing of the existing ones. Sometimes referred to as a BHA (beta-hydroxy acid)
8	polyglucuronic acid	Often used to support the moisturization effect of polysaccharides (contained, for example, in yeast extract)
9	polyacrylamide	Used to improve product texture and help oil and water mix together
10	phytosteryl macadamiate	Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
11	phytosterols	Lipids that work as an emollient and can be helpful in repairing skin barrier function
12	lecithin	Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
13	laureth-7	Helps oil and water mix together
14	jojoba oil/macadamia seed oil esters
15	isopropyl palmitate	Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and create a thicker product consistency
16	hydrolyzed yeast protein
17	hydrolyzed yeast extract	Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant and skin lightening properties
18	hydrolyzed soy protein	Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Might have some anti-aging, anti-oxidant, and skin lightening properties, but solid evidence is missing
19	glycerin	One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
20	cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose	Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize formulations
21	caprylyl glycol	Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
22	caprylic/capric triglyceride	A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
23	c13-14 isoparaffin	Helps soften the upper layer of the skin, dissolve other ingredients and create a thicker product consistency
24	butylene glycol	Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
25	benzyl alcohol	A preservative. Can be used to mask unpleasant smell. Can be irritating
26	aqua (water	Plain old water
27	alaria esculenta extract	Works as a humectant helping to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might be effective as an anti-oxidant.
28	acetyl octapeptide-3	A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles
29	acetyl hexapeptide-51 amide

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