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1
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aloe leaf juice
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Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin
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2
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sodium lauryl sulfoacetate
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3
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cocamidopropyl betaine
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Helps water and oil mix together. Used as a cleansing ingredient. Could be an allergen
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4
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disodium laureth sulfosuccinate
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5
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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6
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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7
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phospholipids
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Emollients that are naturaly present in skin. In addition, they help water and oil mix together in the product
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8
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retinol
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Two steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, retinol is proven to be effective against all signs of aging. It improves skin cell turnover, helps fight blemishes and clogged pores, can regulate excess oil production and even skin tone. It can, however, be quite irritating
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9
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vegetable collagen
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A plant-derived compound that is supposed to mimic human collagen. Cannot penetrate the skin barrier so is not particularly useful in skincare products
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10
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melia azadirachta leaf extract
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A plant extract that has anti-bacterial properties. Can be used to preserve the product. Can be irritating
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11
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melia azadirachta flower extract
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A plant extract that might be helpful to neutralize free radicals in skin
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12
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curcuma longa (turmeric) root extract
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A plant extract that can contain an active compound curcumin, that may have some anti-inflammatory properties when applied to the skin, but solid research is lacking and the typical concentration used in skincare products is too low. Can be an irritant
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13
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ocimum sanctum leaf extract
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A plant extract that is rich in a fragrance compound eugenol that is a frequent allergen and can be irritating. It might also contain anti-oxidants to help neutralize free radicals
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14
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ocimum basilicum (basil) flower/leaf extract
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Used as a fragrance. Canbe irritating
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15
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corallina officinalis extract
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Red algae extract that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might contain antioxidants
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16
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ascorbic acid
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One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation
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17
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, lavender flower
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The ingredient is not recognized
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18
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water
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Plain old water
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19
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(lavandula angustifolia), roman
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The ingredient is not recognized
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20
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chamomile flower water
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21
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anthemis nobilis
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A plant extract that one one hand, can contain compounds that can help calm down skin irritation, but, on the other hand, its other compounds (especially fragrant ones) can themselves be irritating
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22
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jojoba seed oil (simmondsia chinensis
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Softens the upper layer of skin and helps restore the healthy skin barrier. Has shown to help calm down inflammation in skin. It is a stable oil, meaning that it retains its properties even when exposed to air.
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23
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rosehip seed oil
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A plant oil that helps soften the upper layer of the skin. It might have anti-oxidant properties. Might help reduce inflammation in skin and help against blemishes
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24
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rosa canina
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25
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hydrolyzed wheat protein
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Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Avoid if sensitive to gluten
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26
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provitamin b5 (dl-panthenol
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function
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27
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vitamin e (tocopherol
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Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
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28
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sunflower seed oil (helianthus annuus
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A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function
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29
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tetrasodium glutamate diacetate
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Helps stabilize the product formulation
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