|
1
|
avobenzone 3%
|
Avobenzone. A broad spectrum sunscreen meaning that it can protect against both UVA rays. Currently, it is the only sunscreen ingredient available in the US (approved by the FDA) with the peak absorbance within the UVA I range. It loses its effectiveness quickly when exposed to sunlight. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation
|
|
2
|
homosalate 10%
|
A weak sunscreen that offers some protection against the sun rays that cause sunburn (UVB), but does not offer meaningful protection against protect against the most aging sun rays (UVA). It loses its effectiveness quickly when exposed to sunlight. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen. When used in low concentrations, helps to stabilize the product formulation
|
|
3
|
octocrylene 3%
|
A weak sunscreen that protects against the sun rays that cause sunburn (UVB) and is somewhat effective against the UVA rays. It is quite stable and can help stabilize other, more vulnerable, sunscreen ingredients like Avobenzone. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen
|
|
4
|
oxybenzone 5%
|
Same as oxybenzone. Protects in the UVB and short UVA range. In small concentrations, used to stabilize product formulation. Can be irritating. Is shown to be harmful to coral reefs - consider avoiding bathing in coral reef areas when wearing a product with this ingredient. It can penetrate the skin and get absorbed into bloodstream faster than other popular filters available in the US. The study that produced this finding did not address any potential health effects of the absorption
|
|
5
|
(sunscreen). :
|
The ingredient is not recognized
|
|
6
|
water
|
Plain old water
|
|
7
|
glycerin
|
One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
|
|
8
|
tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine
|
|
|
9
|
dimethicone
|
A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish
|
|
10
|
butylene glycol
|
Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
|
|
11
|
cyclohexasiloxane
|
A silicone that serves as an emollient. Helps create a nice non-greasy feels
|
|
12
|
cetyl alcohol
|
A non-drying alcohol that works to soften the skin and stabilize product formulations helping oil and water mix together
|
|
13
|
butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter
|
A great moisturising ingredient that softens the skin and reduces water loss from its upper layer. It also can be helpful in protecting skin from free radicals
|
|
14
|
squalane
|
An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling.
|
|
15
|
ppg-2 myristyl ether propionate
|
|
|
16
|
pentaerythrityl tetraethylhexanoate
|
Used to create a nice product consistency while softening the upper layer of the skin
|
|
17
|
styrene/acrylates copolymer
|
Used to create an even product consistency. Can help boost efficiency of sunscreen filters
|
|
18
|
diethylhexyl 2,6-naphthalate
|
|
|
19
|
aluminum starch octenylsuccinate
|
Used to thicken the product's consistency
|
|
20
|
glyceryl stearate
|
An emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together
|
|
21
|
peg-75 stearate
|
Helps water and oil mix together
|
|
22
|
polyacrylamide
|
Used to improve product texture and help oil and water mix together
|
|
23
|
glycolic acid
|
An alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that helps to remove the dead skin cells on the surface of the skin reveling a more even, smoother complexation. It is also able to stimulate collagen production with long-term use. Could help to reduce pore congestion. It can be irritating to the skin. Apply sunscreen daily if using products with glycolic acid
|
|
24
|
phenoxyethanol
|
A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
|
|
25
|
pentylene glycol
|
Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
|
|
26
|
ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/vp copolymer
|
Increases thickness of a product. Texture enhancer for oil-in-water emulsions
|
|
27
|
c13-14 isoparaffin
|
Helps soften the upper layer of the skin, dissolve other ingredients and create a thicker product consistency
|
|
28
|
ceteth-20
|
Helps water and oil mix together
|
|
29
|
steareth-20
|
Helps oil and water mix together
|
|
30
|
methylparaben
|
A preservative
|
|
31
|
tocopheryl acetate
|
A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
|
|
32
|
fragrance
|
An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients
|
|
33
|
propylparaben
|
A preservative
|
|
34
|
ethylparaben
|
A preservative
|
|
35
|
laureth-7
|
Helps oil and water mix together
|
|
36
|
bht
|
A preservative
|
|
37
|
disodium edta
|
Stabilizes the product formulation
|
|
38
|
cyclopentasiloxane
|
A silicone that helps improve the product texture and spreadability. Can absord oil creating a short-term mattifying effect on the skin
|
|
39
|
p-anisic acid
|
Helps preserve products. Can mask unpleasant smell. Could be irritating
|
|
40
|
allantoin
|
Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated
|
|
41
|
polysorbate 20
|
Helps oil and water mix together
|
|
42
|
retinol
|
Two steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, retinol is proven to be effective against all signs of aging. It improves skin cell turnover, helps fight blemishes and clogged pores, can regulate excess oil production and even skin tone. It can, however, be quite irritating
|
|
43
|
ascorbic acid
|
One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation
|
|
44
|
hydroxyphenyl propamidobenzoic acid
|
Might help to reduce inflammation in skin, but solid research is lacking
|
|
45
|
sodium hydroxide
|
Used to adjust the product's pH
|
