| Ingredient | Estimated concentration |
|---|
|
Plain old water
|
45% -
55%
|
|
Helps oil and water mix together and used as a cleansing agent. Can be irritating and is better avoided for sensitive skin
|
8.9% -
10.9%
|
|
Helps oil and water mix together and works as a cleansing agent. Creates foam
|
5.7% -
7%
|
|
Used as a cleansing agent. Helps water and oil mix together
|
4.2% -
5.2%
|
|
Used to thicken the product formulation and might help to add minerals to the surface of the skin. It is used in scrubs as a physical exfoliant. Can increase sensitivity to other ingredients if left on the skin or used in high concentration
|
2.2% -
2.7%
|
|
One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
|
1.9% -
2.3%
|
|
Used for skin exfoliation. It has an anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effect, helps to unclog pores, prevent blemishes and speed up healing of the existing ones. Sometimes referred to as a BHA (beta-hydroxy acid)
|
1.2% -
1.4%
|
|
Helps shed the upper layer of dead cells from the surface of the skin revealing smoother, brighter skin. It can help to reduce hyperpigmentation. It has anti-bacterial properties, and might help to reduce blemishes, as well as fine lines and wrinkles. It is considered to be gentler than glycolic acid
|
1.4% -
1.7%
|
|
An essentil oil from orange peel. Potential allergen and can be irritating
|
1.1% -
1.3%
|
|
A plant extract that is used as a fragrance. Can be irritating and lead to photosensitivity
|
0.8% -
1.2%
|
|
Stabilizes the product formulation
|
0.65% -
1%
|
|
A plant oil with a high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin and lead to allergic reactions. Can lead to photosensitivity
|
0.55% -
0.8%
|
|
|
0.5% -
0.75%
|
|
|
0.45% -
0.7%
|
|
An exfoliating and moisturizing alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). Typically causes less irritation than other AHAs, for example, glycolic acid. At high concentrations (about 15%), lactic acid can help reduce lines and wrinkles. Recent studies show that lactic acid can support the "good" bacteria living on skin's surface (healthy skin microbiom)
|
0.45% -
0.65%
|
|
Used to adjust the product's pH
|
0.45% -
0.65%
|
|
A plant oil with high content of volatile compounds that, especially when exposed to air, can cause allergic reactions and irritate the skin
|
0.35% -
0.65%
|
|
A fruit extract that might have some anti-oxidant properties but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking
|
0.35% -
0.6%
|
|
A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
|
0.35% -
0.6%
|
|
|
0.3% -
0.6%
|
|
|
0.3% -
0.5%
|
|
A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
A preservative
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Plain old water
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Being a lipid soluble form of vitamin C. It is more stable than ascorbic acid, but still degrades quickly and needs to be stabilized in a formulation with another ingredient. It is claimed to penetrate skin better than pure vitamin C and have the the similar benefits, but solid studies of its effectiveness are lacking. Is likely to require a higher concentration in a product than pure vitamin C to be effective.
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Uvinul A Plus. A new generation broad spectrum sunscreen that offers an effective protection especially in the UVA range. It is stable in formulations. Unfortunately, is not approved by the FDA (US) yet
|
0.45% -
0.7%
|
|
Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and create a nice product consistency
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish
|
0.3% -
0.6%
|
|
Tinosorb S. One of the most effective broad spectrum sunscreen ingredients. Protects from both UVA and UVB rays. It is photostable. Unfortunately, not approved by FDA (US) yet.
|
0.45% -
0.7%
|
|
A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
Enhances the product texture and makes it more spreadable. Helps reduce water loss from the outer layer of skin. Extands the shelf life by preventing bacteria growth
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
Helps products spread more easily and works as an emollient to soften skin
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
Uvinul T. A UV filter. Effective against UVB rays. It is photostable. Can increase water resistance properties of the sunscreen. Unfortunately, not approved by the FDA (US) yet
|
0.45% -
0.7%
|
|
One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A preservative
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Used as a cleansing agent (surfactant) in cleansers. Helps water and oil mix together in lotions. Can be irritating
|
0.35% -
0.65%
|
|
Helps water and oil in the product mix well together and improves product texture
|
0.3% -
0.5%
|
|
A plant oil with high content of volatile compounds that, especially when exposed to air, can cause allergic reactions and irritate the skin
|
0.25% -
0.4%
|
|
Used to increase effectiveness of preservatives
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Maintains the texture of skincare products. Allows the product to spread evenly. Helps oil and water mix together
|
0.3% -
0.5%
|
|
Stabilizes the product formulation
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A preservative
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A preservative
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A plant oil with a high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin and lead to allergic reactions. Can lead to photosensitivity
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Used to create a thicker product consistency
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
Used to adjust the product's pH
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
An essential oil. Can be irritating. Can become an allergen with oxidation
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A highly irritating fragrance
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
A fragrance. Can be irritating
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
A fragrance. Can be irritating
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Plain old water
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
|
0.35% -
0.65%
|
|
One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
|
0.35% -
0.6%
|
|
An emollient that helps soften the skin and can decrease moisture loss. Helps create a nice product texture
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A type of sugar that is used to support delivery of active ingredients and can enhance their penetration into the skin without disrupting the skin's barrier
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture
|
0.35% -
0.65%
|
|
Helps oil and water mix together
|
0.3% -
0.6%
|
|
Used to create a thicker product consistency
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
Helps oil and water mix together
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling.
|
0.35% -
0.65%
|
|
One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
One step removed from the biologically active in skin form of vitamin A. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, retinal is proven to be effective against all signs of aging. It improves skin cell turnover, helps fight blemishes and clogged pores, can regulate excess oil production and even skin tone. Concentrations of 0.05% and 0.1% are shown to be effective. It can, however, be irritating
|
0.3% -
0.5%
|
|
A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Can help neutralize free radicals and help reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A plant oil that might help neutralize free radicals and have an anti-bacterial effect
|
0.3% -
0.6%
|
|
A gelling agent that thickens the product consistency and leaves the skin with a velvety finish
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
A preservative
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
|
0.35% -
0.65%
|
|
A plant extract used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
|
0.3% -
0.5%
|
|
Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the formulation
|
0.3% -
0.6%
|
|
A berry extract that can have some anti-oxidant properties. It helps to preserve product formulations and improve their smell. It can be irritating
|
0.3% -
0.5%
|
|
Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help stabilize the product formulation
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
Being a lipid soluble form of vitamin C. It is more stable than ascorbic acid, but still degrades quickly and needs to be stabilized in a formulation with another ingredient. It is claimed to penetrate skin better than pure vitamin C and have the the similar benefits, but solid studies of its effectiveness are lacking. Is likely to require a higher concentration in a product than pure vitamin C to be effective.
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
A preservative
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the formulation
|
0.3% -
0.55%
|
|
Stabilizes the product formulation
|
0.25% -
0.45%
|
|
Works as a UV filter when used in high concentrations. It is photostable and is effective mostly against the UVB light, with some protection in the UVA range. In small concentrations, used for its ability to improve the color of cosmetic products. Is usually well tolerated by the skin
|
0.35% -
0.65%
|
|
A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
|
0.25% -
0.45%
|
|
The same compound that is used safely in dental implants and bone cements. In cosmetics, it is used to improve the consistency of products
|
0.35% -
0.6%
|
|
A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin. Can contain volalite oils and be irritating
|
0.15% -
0.3%
|
|
Used to create a nice product texture
|
0.25% -
0.5%
|
|
Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
|
0.2% -
0.35%
|
|
A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin. Can contain volalite oils and be irritating
|
0.1% -
0.2%
|
|
Helps oil and water mix together
|
0.15% -
0.25%
|
|
Helps oil and water mix together and works as an emollient
|
0.25% -
0.45%
|
|
A fragrance. Is a likely skin allergen and can be irritating
|
0.05% -
0.1%
|
|
A colorant
|
0.05% -
0.1%
|
|
