1 |
aloe barbadensis leaf juice
| Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin |
2 |
vegetable glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
3 |
cetearyl alcohol
| A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture |
4 |
pyrus malus (apple) fruit
| |
5 |
juice*,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
6 |
helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil
| A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function |
7 |
charcoal powder
| Benefits for the skin are not clear |
8 |
kaolin
| A type of clay that consists mainly of aluminum silicate. Helps absorb oil and creates a thicker product consistency. Can be used to add a white color |
9 |
clay
| Can absorb oil. There is no research confirming other benefits for the skin |
10 |
butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter
| A great moisturising ingredient that softens the skin and reduces water loss from its upper layer. It also can be helpful in protecting skin from free radicals |
11 |
sodium stearoyl lactylate
| Helps oil and water mix together |
12 |
phytic acid
| An alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA), but is mostly used to stabilize product formulations in cosmetics |
13 |
bentonite
| Helps stabilize the product formulation |
14 |
clay
| Can absorb oil. There is no research confirming other benefits for the skin |
15 |
tocopherol (vitamin e
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
16 |
panthenol (vitamin b-5
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function |
17 |
copernicia cerifera (carnauba) wax
| Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and create a nice product consistency |
18 |
sorbitan stearate
| Helps water and oil mix together |
19 |
lactic acid
| An exfoliating and moisturizing alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). Typically causes less irritation than other AHAs, for example, glycolic acid. At high concentrations (about 15%), lactic acid can help reduce lines and wrinkles. Recent studies show that lactic acid can support the "good" bacteria living on skin's surface (healthy skin microbiom) |
20 |
caprylhydroxamic acid
| A preservative |
21 |
populus tremuloides (aspen) bark extract
| |
22 |
salix alba (willow) bark extract
| A plant extract that can help neutralize free radicals in skin. It contains a compound salicin that can theoretically be converted into salicylic acid that, in turn, helps reduce inflammation in skin, but the evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking. |
23 |
allantoin
| Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated |
24 |
zinc gluconate
| Typically used to stabilize the product formulations. It is a salt of a polyhydroxy acid (PHA) and in larger concentrations, can help shed the dead cells from the skin surface revealing smoother skin. It can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Might to be helpful against acne and clogged pores. Could be helpful in neutralizing free radicals, but solid research is missing. Due to the zinc content, might help calm down inflammation in skin |
25 |
lactic acid
| An exfoliating and moisturizing alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). Typically causes less irritation than other AHAs, for example, glycolic acid. At high concentrations (about 15%), lactic acid can help reduce lines and wrinkles. Recent studies show that lactic acid can support the "good" bacteria living on skin's surface (healthy skin microbiom) |
26 |
glycolic acid
| An alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that helps to remove the dead skin cells on the surface of the skin reveling a more even, smoother complexation. It is also able to stimulate collagen production with long-term use. Could help to reduce pore congestion. It can be irritating to the skin. Apply sunscreen daily if using products with glycolic acid |
27 |
vaccinium myrtillus fruit extract
| A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin, but research on its efficacy in skin is lacking |
28 |
saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) extract
| Sugar extract that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
29 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
30 |
citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) fruit extract
| A plant extract that is used as a fragrance. Can be irritating and lead to photosensitivity |
31 |
citrus medica limonum (lemon) juice
| |
32 |
acer saccharum (sugar maple) extract
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
33 |
tartaric acid
| An AHA (alpha-hydroxy acid). It oxidizes quickly which makes it less effective in skincare formulations. It can support skin's barrier and moisture levels |
34 |
malic acid
| |
35 |
salicylic acid
| Used for skin exfoliation. It has an anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effect, helps to unclog pores, prevent blemishes and speed up healing of the existing ones. Sometimes referred to as a BHA (beta-hydroxy acid) |
36 |
phenylethyl alcohol
| A fragrance. Can be irritating |
37 |
melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) leaf oil
| An essential oil that can be irritating. Has some anti-bacterial properties |
38 |
commiphora myrrha (myrrh) oil
| |
39 |
gluconolactone
| A polyhydroxy acid (PHA) that helps shed the dead cells from the skin surface revealing smoother skin. Is believed to be genter than AHAs. It helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can stimulate production of skin's own hyaluronic acid resulting inimporved hydration levels. It has been shown to be helpful against acne and clogged pores. Might help reduce fine lines and wrinkles and improve skin tone with long-term application. Can help neutralize free radicals |
40 |
pelargonium graveolens (geranium) flower oil
| An essential oil. Can be irritating. Can become an allergen with oxidation |
41 |
mentha piperita (peppermint) oil
| Used as a fragrance and can be irritating |
42 |
sodium hydroxide
| Used to adjust the product's pH |