1 |
aqua (water
| Plain old water |
2 |
lactobionic acid
| A polyhydroxy acid (PHA) that helps shed dead cells from the surface of the skin revealing a smoother, more even skin. PHAs tend to be gentler on the skin compared to AHAs (for example, glycolic acid). It also has hydrating properties and helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. It can help calm down inflammation in skin and support restoration of the barrier function |
3 |
propylene glycol
| Helps oil and water mix together and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin |
4 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
5 |
ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/ vp copolymer
| Increases thickness of a product. Texture enhancer for oil-in-water emulsions |
6 |
cyclopentasiloxane
| A silicone that helps improve the product texture and spreadability. Can absord oil creating a short-term mattifying effect on the skin |
7 |
polysilicone-11
| A silicone that forms a light film on the skin surface helping to bind water and temporarily absorb oils creating a matt and powdery feel |
8 |
sodium lactate
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Is often used to adjust the pH level of the product |
9 |
dimethicone
| A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish |
10 |
caprylic/capric triglyceride
| A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin |
11 |
phenoxyethanol
| A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products |
12 |
mannitol
| Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
13 |
laminaria digitata extract
| Seaweed extract that helps the skin to attract water and make it more smooth for touch. Also shows promise of anti-aging properties, but good research is lacking at the moment |
14 |
yeast extract
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant and skin lightening properties. It can help calm down inflammation in skin |
15 |
acrylates copolymer
| Used to stabilize product formulation, help create an even product layer over skin (for example, in sunscreen) and create a thicker product consistency |
16 |
behenyl alcohol
| Non-drying alcohol that helps water and oil mix together. Also serves as an emollient |
17 |
butyrospermum parkii (shea butter)
| A great moisturising ingredient that softens the skin and reduces water loss from its upper layer. It also can be helpful in protecting skin from free radicals |
18 |
magnesium aspartate
| Might be helpful in restoring skin barrier function and calm down inflammation in skin |
19 |
mica
| Creates an illusion of smoother and more radiant skin tone. Adds shimmer to the skin by reflecting light |
20 |
parfum (fragrance
| An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients |
21 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
22 |
disodium adenosine triphosphate
| |
23 |
ethylhexylglycerin
| A preservative |
24 |
hydrogenated castor oil
| A plant oil that can help soften the skin. It might be helpful in calming down inflammation, but solid research is lacking. Is often used in lip products to create the needed product consistency |
25 |
disodium edta
| Stabilizes the product formulation |
26 |
stearyl alcohol
| An emollient that helps soften the skin |
27 |
alaria esculenta extract
| Works as a humectant helping to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might be effective as an anti-oxidant. |
28 |
protease
| |
29 |
subtilisin
| |
30 |
glycogen
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
31 |
magnesium ascorbyl phosphate
| A derivative of vitamin C that is more stable, but less bioavailable than the pure form of vitamin C. It does not penetrate the skin well, but has been shown to convert to pure vitamin C once in skin. It can be helpful in stimulating collagen production and lightening the skin tone, but the required concentration is likely to be very high |
32 |
benzyl alcohol
| A preservative. Can be used to mask unpleasant smell. Can be irritating |
33 |
hydrolyzed pearl
| |
34 |
hydrolyzed sesame protein pg-propyl methylsilanediol
| |
35 |
vp/polycarbamyl polyglycol ester
| |
36 |
silanetriol
| |
37 |
dehydroacetic acid
| A preservative |
38 |
sodium benzoate
| A preservative |
39 |
ci 77891 (titanium dioxide
| Works as a UV filter when used in high concentrations. It is photostable and is effective mostly against the UVB light, with some protection in the UVA range. In small concentrations, used for its ability to improve the color of cosmetic products. Is usually well tolerated by the skin |