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1
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water (aqua
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Plain old water
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2
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caprylic/capric triglyceride
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A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
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3
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butylene glycol
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Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
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4
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glyceryl stearate
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An emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together
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5
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hydrogenated ethylhexyl olivate
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6
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squalane
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An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling.
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7
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peg-100 stearate
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Helps oil and water mix togehter and creates a nice product texture
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8
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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9
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saccharomyces lysate extract
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Can have some anti-inflammatory effect
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10
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imperata cylindrica root extract
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11
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spiraea ulmaria extract
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12
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buddleja davidii extract
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13
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thymus vulgaris (thyme) flower/leaf extract
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Plant extract that has some anti-bacterial properties. Can be used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
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14
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salix alba (willow) bark extract
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A plant extract that can help neutralize free radicals in skin. It contains a compound salicin that can theoretically be converted into salicylic acid that, in turn, helps reduce inflammation in skin, but the evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking.
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15
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agave tequilana leaf extract
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16
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saponaria pumila callus culture extract
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17
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angelica archangelica root water
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18
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oxycoccus palustris (cranberry) seed oil
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19
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rubus chamaemorus (artic cloudberry) seed oil
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20
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aloe barbadensis leaf extract
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Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin
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21
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simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) seed oil
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Softens the upper layer of skin and helps restore the healthy skin barrier. Has shown to help calm down inflammation in skin. It is a stable oil, meaning that it retains its properties even when exposed to air.
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22
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hydrolyzed rice bran protein
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23
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panthenol
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function
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24
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sucrose palmitate
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25
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leuconostoc/radish root ferment filtrate
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A preservative that comes from radishes fermented by a bacteria. New research suggests that the preservation properties in the ingredient come from an ammonium salt that is not present naturally in radish root but used in its cultivation. Is problematic because the exact amount of the preservative agents is difficult to determine
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26
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ceramide np
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A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin
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27
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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28
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maltose
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29
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isomalt
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin
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30
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xanthan gum
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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31
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sodium hydroxide
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Used to adjust the product's pH
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32
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sodium phytate
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Used to stabilize product formulations
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33
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stearyl alcohol
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An emollient that helps soften the skin
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34
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isostearic acid
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Used to create a nice product texture
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35
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pentylene glycol
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Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
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36
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hydrogenated olive oil, unsaponifiables
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Help soften the upper layer of the skin
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37
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perfluorodecalin
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38
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triethyl citrate
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39
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camellia sinensis leaf extract
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Can contain potent anti-oxidant compounds and help protect the skin from free radicals. Can help calm down inflammation and has some anti-bacterial properties
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40
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citrus aurantium bergamia (bergamot) fruit extract
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41
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citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) fruit extract
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A plant extract that is used as a fragrance. Can be irritating and lead to photosensitivity
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42
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lavandula angustifolia (lavender) flower/leaf/stem extract
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43
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pyrus malus (apple) fruit extract
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Can have some moisturizing properties due to its sugar content
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44
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rose extract
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Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
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45
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alcohol
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Can be drying and contribute to skin irritation. Used in formulars to dissolve other ingredients, create a thinner product consistency or for its antibacterial properties
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46
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eucalyptus globulus leaf extract
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47
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olea europaea (olive) leaf extract
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A plant extract that might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but evidence for effectiveness in skin is missing
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48
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santalum album (sandalwood) wood extract
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Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
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49
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zingiber officinale (ginger) root extract
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A plant extract that can contain an irritating essential oil. Might have some anti-oxidant effect, but evidence is lacking
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50
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carbomer
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Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations
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51
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caprylyl glycol
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Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
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52
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rose extract
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Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
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53
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lecithin
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Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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54
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potassium sorbate
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A preservative
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55
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sodium benzoate
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A preservative
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