1 |
water
| Plain old water |
2 |
rosa damascena flower water
| Used to add a nice rose smell to the product. Can be irritating |
3 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
4 |
lactobacillus ferment
| A fermentation product created by bacteria Lactobacillus. The fermented product has anti-bacterial properties and might be helpful in calming down inflammation, but studies are lacking. Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Can be used as a preservative |
5 |
propanediol
| Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin |
6 |
cyamopsis tetragonoloba gum
| |
7 |
plukenetia volubilis seed oil
| A plant oil that works as a good moisturizer by softening the upper layer of the skin. Might be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin and reducing blemishes due to the large content of linoleic acid |
8 |
olive glycerides
| |
9 |
viscum album leaf extract
| A plant extract that has anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties and might help neutralize free radicals in skin, but solid research is lacking |
10 |
rosa gallica flower powder
| |
11 |
lactobacillus/soybean ferment extract
| A fermentation product created by bacteria Lactobacillus out of soybean. The fermented product helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and has anti-bacterial properties. It might be helpful in calming down inflammation and could be helpful in evening out skin tone, but studies are lacking |
12 |
imperata cylindrica root extract
| |
13 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
14 |
ceramide 3
| A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin |
15 |
palmitoyl tripeptide-8
| |
16 |
panthenol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function |
17 |
gluconolactone
| A polyhydroxy acid (PHA) that helps shed the dead cells from the skin surface revealing smoother skin. Is believed to be genter than AHAs. It helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can stimulate production of skin's own hyaluronic acid resulting inimporved hydration levels. It has been shown to be helpful against acne and clogged pores. Might help reduce fine lines and wrinkles and improve skin tone with long-term application. Can help neutralize free radicals |
18 |
tocopherol
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
19 |
calcium gluconate
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and helps to improve appearance of the product |
20 |
polyglyceryl-5 oleate
| |
21 |
dextran
| Helps attract water to the most upper layer of the skin. Derived from sugar |
22 |
sodium benzoate
| A preservative |
23 |
sodium hydroxide
| Used to adjust the product's pH |
24 |
phytic acid
| An alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA), but is mostly used to stabilize product formulations in cosmetics |
25 |
butylene glycol
| Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin |
26 |
iron oxides
| An umbrella term for the following three colorants: CI 77491, CI 77492, CI 77499 |
27 |
fragrance
| An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients |