| 1 |
water
| Plain old water |
| 2 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
| 3 |
simmondsia chinensis seed oil
| Softens the upper layer of skin and helps restore the healthy skin barrier. Has shown to help calm down inflammation in skin. It is a stable oil, meaning that it retains its properties even when exposed to air. |
| 4 |
hydroxyethyl acrylate
| Helps create a nice product texture and uniform layer on the skin (when used in sunscreens, for example) |
| 5 |
/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 6 |
squalane
| An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling. |
| 7 |
hydroxyethylcellulose
| Used to thicken product formulations and create gel-like textures |
| 8 |
lecithin
| Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin |
| 9 |
phenoxyethanol
| A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products |
| 10 |
rosa canina fruit oil
| A great emollient. Contains vitamin E (tocopherol) which may give it some anti-oxidant properties. Can contain volatile compounds and can be irritating |
| 11 |
tocopheryl acetate
| A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients. |
| 12 |
rosa damascena flower extract
| |
| 13 |
aloe barbadensis leaf juice
| Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin |
| 14 |
ethylhexylglycerin
| A preservative |
| 15 |
polysorbate 60
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 16 |
sorbitan isostearate
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 17 |
magnesium ascorbyl phosphate
| A derivative of vitamin C that is more stable, but less bioavailable than the pure form of vitamin C. It does not penetrate the skin well, but has been shown to convert to pure vitamin C once in skin. It can be helpful in stimulating collagen production and lightening the skin tone, but the required concentration is likely to be very high |
| 18 |
caprylyl glycol
| Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture |
| 19 |
disodium edta
| Stabilizes the product formulation |
| 20 |
geranium maculatum oil
| An essential oil. Can be irritating |
| 21 |
caprylhydroxamic acid
| A preservative |
| 22 |
leuconostoc/radish root ferment filtrate
| A preservative that comes from radishes fermented by a bacteria. New research suggests that the preservation properties in the ingredient come from an ammonium salt that is not present naturally in radish root but used in its cultivation. Is problematic because the exact amount of the preservative agents is difficult to determine |
