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1
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aqua/water/eau
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Plain old water
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2
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diisopropyl sebacate
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin without creatng a greasy finish
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3
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propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate
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4
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caprylic/capric triglyceride
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A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
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5
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zinc oxide
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A broad spectrum sunblock (protects from both UVA and UVB rays). Is suitable for most sensitive skins. In small concentrations, can be used as a colorant
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6
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butylene glycol
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Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
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7
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octyl methoxycinnamate
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Octinoxate. When used in higher concentrations, works as a sunscreen protecting the skin from UVB rays. When used in lower concentration, helps to preserve the product formulation. Is shown to be harmful to coral reefs - consider avoiding bathing in coral reef areas when wearing a product with this ingredient. It can be irritating
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8
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cyclopentasiloxane
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A silicone that helps improve the product texture and spreadability. Can absord oil creating a short-term mattifying effect on the skin
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9
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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10
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glyceryl stearate
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An emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together
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11
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titanium dioxide
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Works as a UV filter when used in high concentrations. It is photostable and is effective mostly against the UVB light, with some protection in the UVA range. In small concentrations, used for its ability to improve the color of cosmetic products. Is usually well tolerated by the skin
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12
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benzophenone-3
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Same as oxybenzone. Protects in the UVB and short UVA range. In small concentrations, used to stabilize product formulation. Can be irritating. Is shown to be harmful to coral reefs - consider avoiding bathing in coral reef areas when wearing a product with this ingredient. It can penetrate the skin and get absorbed into bloodstream faster than other popular filters available in the US. The study that produced this finding did not address any potential health effects of the absorption
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13
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dipropylene glycol
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Helps to dissolve other ingredients in a formulation. Slows down the rate of product drying
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14
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cetearyl alcohol
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A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture
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15
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peg-100 stearate
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Helps oil and water mix togehter and creates a nice product texture
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16
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stearyl dimethicone
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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17
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tocopheryl acetate
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A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
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18
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creatine
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Can support skin's ability to neutralize free radicals and produce collagen, though further research is needed to confirm effectiveness
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19
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glycyrrhetinic acid
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Active compound of licorice root. Works to calm down inflammation, as an anti-oxidant, and might be helpful in lightening the skin and reducing hyperpigmentation
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20
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mannitol
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Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin
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21
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methylpropanediol
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Helps dissolve other ingredients in a formulation
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22
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trilinolein
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23
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acetyl tyrosine
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24
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aspartic acid
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An amino-acid that helps increase skin hydration and might help to slightly improve skin firmness, potentially reducing lines and wrinkles
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25
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sodium dextran sulfate
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26
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arachis hypogaea (peanut) oil
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27
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hydrolyzed soy protein
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Might have some anti-aging, anti-oxidant, and skin lightening properties, but solid evidence is missing
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28
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oleoyl tyrosine
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29
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hydrolyzed wheat protein
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Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Avoid if sensitive to gluten
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30
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trilinolenin
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31
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triolein
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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32
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triticum vulgare (wheat) germ oil
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A good emoillient. Contains vitamin E which can help neutralise free radicals, however the oil is unstable. Avoid if you have gluten or wheat sensitivity (including food allergies).
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33
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oleic acid
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin. At the same time, it can weaken the skin's barrier enhancing penetration of other ingredients and increasing the risk of skin dryness
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34
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tripalmitin
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35
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medicago sativa (alfalfa) oil unsaponifiables
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36
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tristearin
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37
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juglans regia (walnut) shell extract
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38
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hypericum perforatum extract
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39
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copper gluconate
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Typically used to stabilize the product formulations. It is a salt of polyhydroxy acid (PHA) and in larger concentrations, can help shed the dead cells from the skin surface revealing smoother skin. It can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Might to be helpful against acne and clogged pores. Could be helpful in neutralizing free radicals, but solid research is missing
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40
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asiaticoside
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An active compound of Centella Asiatica plant extract. In combination with other active compounds of Centella Asiatica extract (madecasosside, asiatic
acid and madecassic acid), asiaticoside has been shown to be helpful in wound-healing, restoring skin barrier function and supporting collagen production in skin. It can, however, itself be irritating
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41
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artemia extract
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Zooplankton extract that can attract water to the upper level of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant effect
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42
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carnosine
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A type of peptide. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin. It can help neutralize free radicals in skin combatting the sun damage
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43
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asiatic acid
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An active compound of Centella Asiatica plant extract. In combination with other active compounds of Centella Asiatica extract (asiaticoside, madecasosside and madecassic acid) asiatic acid has been shown to be helpful in wound-healing, restoring skin barrier function and supporting collagen production in skin. It can, however, itself be irritating
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44
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madecassic acid
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An active compound of Centella Asiatica plant extract. In combination with other active compounds of Centella Asiatica extract (asiaticoside, madecasosside and asiatic
acid), madecassic acid has been shown to be helpful in wound-healing, restoring skin barrier function and supporting collagen production in skin. It can, however, itself be irritating
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45
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algae extract
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Plant extract that helps the skin to attract water and make it more smooth for touch. Also shows promise of anti-aging properties, but research is not extensive yet
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46
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disodium adenosine triphosphate
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47
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dextran
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Helps attract water to the most upper layer of the skin. Derived from sugar
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48
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palmitoyl pentapeptide-4
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A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles
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49
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acetyl hexapeptide-1
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50
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cyclohexasiloxane
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A silicone that serves as an emollient. Helps create a nice non-greasy feels
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51
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peg-30 dipolyhydroxystearate
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52
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isopropyl myristate
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An emollient that helps soften the skin. Could be comedogenic
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53
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aluminum hydroxide
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Is used to add opaque (non-transparent) appearance to formulations. Can be used to coat other ingredients for even dispersion. This is a different ingredient compared to the ones used in antipersperants (aluminium chloride and aluminium chlorohydrate)
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54
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stearic acid
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Helps oil and water mix together and works as an emollient
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55
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stearalkonium hectorite
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Used to create an even product consistency
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56
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hydroxyethylcellulose
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Used to thicken product formulations and create gel-like textures
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57
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lithium magnesium sodium silicate
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58
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polyhydroxystearic acid
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Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the formulation
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59
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dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer
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Used to stabilize product formulations and create a nice product texture
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60
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propylene carbonate
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Is used to dissolve other ingredients and create nice product texture
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61
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isostearic acid
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Used to create a nice product texture
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62
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propylene glycol
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Helps oil and water mix together and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin
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63
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carbomer
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Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations
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64
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caprylyl glycol
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Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
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65
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polysorbate 20
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Helps oil and water mix together
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66
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xanthan gum
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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67
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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68
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chlorphenesin
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A preservative
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69
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disodium edta
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Stabilizes the product formulation
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70
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fragrance (parfum
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An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients
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71
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linalool
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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72
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hexyl cinnamal
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A fragrance with jasmine smell. A likely irritant
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73
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hydroxycitronellal
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A fragrance. A likely allergen and can be irritating
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74
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limonene
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A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat
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75
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benzyl benzoate
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Fragrance with sweet balsamic smell. Help to preserve products and dissolve other ingredients. Could trigger allergic reactions and be irritating
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76
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citronellol
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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77
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geraniol
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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78
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isoeugenol
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79
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coumarin
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A fragrance. Is a likely skin allergen and can be irritating
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80
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. contains
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The ingredient is not recognized
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81
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oxybenzone
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Same as oxybenzone. Protects in the UVB and short UVA range. In small concentrations, used to stabilize product formulation. Can be irritating. Is shown to be harmful to coral reefs - consider avoiding bathing in coral reef areas when wearing a product with this ingredient. It can penetrate the skin and get absorbed into bloodstream faster than other popular filters available in the US. The study that produced this finding did not address any potential health effects of the absorption
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82
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*cellular
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The ingredient is not recognized
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83
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water
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Plain old water
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84
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(aqua/disodium
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The ingredient is not recognized
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85
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adenosine triphosphate
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86
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carnosine
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A type of peptide. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin. It can help neutralize free radicals in skin combatting the sun damage
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87
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mineral salts
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Used to thicked product formulations. Might help to add minerals to the surface of the skin
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