The first type is called “humectants”:
these ingredients help attract water. When humectants are on the surface of the skin, they “pull in” the moisture from the outside environment, or from within deeper layers of the skin. The following ingredients in this product do the job: glycerin, sorbitol.

This product also contains ingredients called “occlusives”. They help reduce the speed with which our skin loses moisture to the outside environment. These ingredients also help soften the upper layer of the skin, so it feels less tight and nicer to the touch. The following ingredients in this product do the job: helianthus annuus seed oil, cetearyl alcohol.

glycerin 4% - 6.1%

Irritation risk:

Concentration: Effectiveness: HIGH

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant

ascophyllum nodosum extract 0.1% - 0.45%

Irritation risk:

Concentration: Effectiveness: HIGH

Brown seaweed extract. Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some antioxidant effect

helianthus annuus seed oil 0.5% - 1.2%

Irritation risk:

Concentration: Effectiveness: HIGH

A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function

Anti-aging

What does the product description say?

The eyes have it. The Age Defence Eye Roll-On for men has been specially formulated to help reduce the appearance of fine lines, dark circles and puffiness.

Source: N/A

Effective ingredients missing or their concentration is too low.

tocopherol 1.1% - 1.7%

Irritation risk:

Concentration: Insufficient!

Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself

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Key Actives

tocopherol 1.1% - 1.7%

Irritation risk:

Works for: Anti-oxidation, Moisturizing, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-aging

Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself

asparagopsis armata extract 0.15% - 0.6%

Irritation risk:

Works for: Moisturizing, Anti-oxidation

Red seaweed extract. Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some antioxidant effect

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Potential irritants

rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract 0.05% - 0.3%

Irritation risk:

Works for: Anti-blemish, Anti-oxidation, Antibacterial

Can be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin, including inflamed acne. It can be irritating

sodium stearoyl glutamate 1% - 1.5%

Irritation risk:

Works for: Cleansing

Helps oil and water mix together

Comodogenic ingredients

cetearyl alcohol 2.2% - 3.3%

Irritation risk: Comedogenicity: Medium

Works for: Cleansing, Moisturizing

A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture

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water 40% - 60%

Irritation risk:

Plain old water

glycerin 4% - 6.1%

Irritation risk:

Works for: Moisturizing

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant

ethylhexyl stearate 3.7% - 5.5%

Irritation risk:

Works for: Moisturizing

Helps soften the upper layer of the skin

Ingredient list view

Water, Glycerin, Ethylhexyl stearate, Cetearyl alcohol, Pentaerythrityl distearate, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium polyacrylate, Tocopherol, Sodium stearoyl glutamate, Sorbitol, Helianthus annuus seed oil, Xanthan gum, Benzoic acid, Echinacea purpurea flower/leaf/stem extract, Dehydroacetic acid, Asparagopsis armata extract, Ascophyllum nodosum extract, Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract, Citric acid, Potassium sorbate, Sodium benzoate, Sodium hydroxide

	Bulldog - Age Defence Eye Roll-On	Aveda - Botanical Kinetics Energizing Eye Creme	Nurse Jamie - The Formula Eye Cream	Antipodes - Daily Ultra Care Kiwi Seed Oil Eye Cream Duo	MALIN + GOETZ - Revitalizing Eye Cream	REVOLUTION SKINCARE - Planet Revolution Detoxifying Coffee Eye Cream	StriVectin - Multi-Action R and R Eye Cream	Biomed - First Aid Eye Cream	BAD HABIT - Eyes Open Caffeine & Peptide Eye Cream	Colorescience - Total Eye Firm and Repair Cream	YourGoodSkin - Dark Circle Rescue Eye Cream
Price
WIMJ similarity score		38%	36%	36%	35%	35%	34%	34%	33%	32%	32%
Key ingredients	ascophyllum nodosum extract asparagopsis armata extract +4 more	Common: asparagopsis armata extract glycerin +2 more Other: salicylic acid aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate +9 more	Common: asparagopsis armata extract glycerin +1 more Other: opuntia ficus-indica seed oil panthenol +4 more	Common: glycerin helianthus annuus seed oil +1 more Other: borago officinalis seed oil persea gratissima oil +1 more	Common: glycerin helianthus annuus seed oil +3 more Other: anhydroxylitol palmitoyl dipeptide-5 diaminobutyroyl hydroxythreonine +15 more	Common: glycerin helianthus annuus seed oil Other: carnosine simmondsia chinensis seed oil +2 more	Common: glycerin helianthus annuus seed oil +2 more Other: palmitoyl tripeptide-5 panthenol +12 more	Common: glycerin tocopherol Other: caprylic/capric triglyceride simmondsia chinensis seed oil	Common: glycerin ascophyllum nodosum extract +1 more Other: dipeptide-2 palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7 +15 more	Common: glycerin ascophyllum nodosum extract +1 more Other: palmitoyl tripeptide-5 panthenol +9 more	Common: asparagopsis armata extract glycerin +2 more Other: ascorbyl glucoside caffeine +5 more
Irritancy	IRRITANCY MEDIUM	IRRITANCY LOW	IRRITANCY LOW	IRRITANCY LOW	IRRITANCY MEDIUM	IRRITANCY LOW	IRRITANCY MEDIUM	IRRITANCY LOW	IRRITANCY MEDIUM	IRRITANCY MEDIUM	IRRITANCY MEDIUM
Potential Irritants	rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract Has skin benefit? potassium sorbate Has skin benefit? +4 more	salicylic acid Has skin benefit? cetearyl glucoside Has skin benefit? +6 more	citric acid Has skin benefit? opuntia ficus-indica seed oil Has skin benefit? +10 more	benzyl alcohol Has skin benefit? actinidia chinensis seed oil Has skin benefit? +3 more	n-hydroxysuccinimide Has skin benefit? cardiospermum halicacabum flower/leaf/vine extract Has skin benefit? +14 more	benzyl alcohol Has skin benefit? potassium sorbate Has skin benefit? +3 more	ci 16035 Has skin benefit? ci 19140 Has skin benefit? +18 more	benzyl alcohol Has skin benefit? pentylene glycol Has skin benefit? +5 more	ci 19140 Has skin benefit? ci 16035 Has skin benefit? +20 more	albizia julibrissin bark extract Has skin benefit? hippophae rhamnoides fruit oil Has skin benefit? +6 more	panax ginseng root extract Has skin benefit? sophora angustifolia root extract Has skin benefit? +12 more
All ingredients	water Has skin benefit? glycerin Has skin benefit? +20 more	water Has skin benefit? unknown Has skin benefit? +34 more	water Has skin benefit? caprylic/capric triglyceride Has skin benefit? +31 more	water Has skin benefit? persea gratissima oil Has skin benefit? +14 more	water Has skin benefit? pentylene glycol Has skin benefit? +54 more	water Has skin benefit? distarch phosphate Has skin benefit? +18 more	water Has skin benefit? glycerin Has skin benefit? +55 more	water Has skin benefit? caprylic/capric triglyceride Has skin benefit? +13 more	water Has skin benefit? c12-15 alkyl benzoate Has skin benefit? +61 more	water Has skin benefit? glycerin Has skin benefit? +36 more	water Has skin benefit? dimethicone Has skin benefit? +41 more

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Bulldog Age Defence Eye Roll-On

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Moisturizing

Anti-aging

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