| 1 |
aqua
| Plain old water |
| 2 |
isopropyl alcohol
| A drying alcohol. Can increase skin's sensitivity and cause dryness and irritation |
| 3 |
butylene glycol
| Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin |
| 4 |
dicaprylyl carbonate
| Helps products spread more easily and works as an emollient to soften skin |
| 5 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
| 6 |
sorbitol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture |
| 7 |
tocopheryl acetate
| A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients. |
| 8 |
squalane
| An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling. |
| 9 |
dimethicone
| A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish |
| 10 |
panthenol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function |
| 11 |
phenoxyethanol
| A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products |
| 12 |
hydrogenated vegetable glycerides
| Help soften the upper layer of the skin |
| 13 |
cetearyl alcohol
| A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture |
| 14 |
potassium cetyl phosphate
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 15 |
carbomer
| Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations |
| 16 |
royal jelly
| |
| 17 |
xanthan gum
| Used to create a thicker product consistency |
| 18 |
hydrogenated palm glycerides
| An emollient that softens the skin |
| 19 |
glucose
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Could be helpful in restoring the skin barrier function |
| 20 |
cocoglycerides
| Help soften the upper layer of the skin and make it easier for oil and water mix together. Recently, a rising number of allergic reactions to cocoglycerides and other coconut-derived surfactants has been reported. As there is a significant overlap between frequent irritants and allergens, we flag this ingredient for attention of those with very sensitive, reactive skin |
| 21 |
allantoin
| Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated |
| 22 |
rumex acetosella extract
| |
| 23 |
panax ginseng root extract
| A plant extract that might have some anti-inflammatory properties, but solid evidence is lacking. It can be irritating |
| 24 |
urtica dioica extract
| |
| 25 |
fucus vesiculosus extract
| |
| 26 |
fumaria officinalis extract
| |
| 27 |
nasturtium officinale extract
| |
| 28 |
rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract
| Can be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin. Is a likely irritant |
| 29 |
scrophularia nodosa extract
| |
| 30 |
ethylhexylglycerin
| A preservative |
| 31 |
potassium sorbate
| A preservative |
| 32 |
sodium hydroxide
| Used to adjust the product's pH |
| 33 |
disodium edta
| Stabilizes the product formulation |
| 34 |
biosaccharide gum-1
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and is claimed to provide a longer-lasting hydration because of its ability to create a water-binding film on the surface of the skin |
| 35 |
parfum
| An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients |
| 36 |
alcohol
| Can be drying and contribute to skin irritation. Used in formulars to dissolve other ingredients, create a thinner product consistency or for its antibacterial properties |
| 37 |
caprylic/capric triglyceride
| A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin |
| 38 |
pantolactone
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
| 39 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
| 40 |
ascorbyl palmitate
| Being a lipid soluble form of vitamin C, it is more stable and can penetrate the skin better than L-Ascorbic acid. It is effective in protecting the skin from free radicals, as well as evening the skin tone, but is less effective in stimulating collagen production compared to L-Ascorbic acid. |
| 41 |
linalool
| A fragrance. Can be irritating |
| 42 |
ascorbic acid
| One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation |
