| 1 |
aqua (water
| Plain old water |
| 2 |
butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter
| A great moisturising ingredient that softens the skin and reduces water loss from its upper layer. It also can be helpful in protecting skin from free radicals |
| 3 |
behenyl alcohol
| Non-drying alcohol that helps water and oil mix together. Also serves as an emollient |
| 4 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
| 5 |
dicaprylyl ether
| Helps soften the upper layer of the skin while creating a non-greasy feel on the skin. Helps to dissolve other ingredients |
| 6 |
lauryl laurate
| Helps soften the upper layer of the skin |
| 7 |
myristyl myristate
| An emollient. Is not recommended for acne-prone skin as it can be comedogenic |
| 8 |
glyceryl stearate
| An emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together |
| 9 |
polyglyceryl-3 methylglucose distearate
| Helps water and oil mix together |
| 10 |
sodium stearoyl glutamate
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 11 |
xylitylglucoside
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrier function |
| 12 |
anhydroxylitol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrir function |
| 13 |
mel
| Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and attract water to it |
| 14 |
honey
| Helps attract water to the skin and might have some anti-bacterial properties. Can be an allergen |
| 15 |
xylitol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrier function |
| 16 |
chlorphenesin
| A preservative |
| 17 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
| 18 |
bisabolol
| An active component of chamomile plant that historically has been used to calm down irritated skin. A recent study shows that bisabolol indeed can have some anti-inflammatory effect on skin, even though conclusive data is lacking. Bisabolol has a sweet floral scent and can be added to products for its aromatic properties |
| 19 |
sodium benzoate
| A preservative |
| 20 |
xanthan gum
| Used to create a thicker product consistency |
| 21 |
tocopherol
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
| 22 |
helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil
| A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function |
| 23 |
paeonia lactiflora root extract
| A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals and reduce hyperpigmentation, but the research on its effectiveness in skin is lacking |
| 24 |
alcohol
| Can be drying and contribute to skin irritation. Used in formulars to dissolve other ingredients, create a thinner product consistency or for its antibacterial properties |
| 25 |
glucose
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Could be helpful in restoring the skin barrier function |
| 26 |
tocopheryl acetate
| A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients. |
| 27 |
cholesterol
| An emollient that is naturally found in skin |
| 28 |
hydrogenated lecithin
| Helps to retain moisture by creating a protective barrier on the skin. Rich in fatty acids. Improves product texture and helps with the penetration of other ingredients. |
| 29 |
sodium hydroxide
| Used to adjust the product's pH |
| 30 |
alanyl glutamine
| A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles |
| 31 |
arginine
| An amino acid that is naturally present in skin and helps keep it hydrated. When used together with AHAs, it can reduce their irritating effect on the skin |
| 32 |
ceramide ng
| A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin |
| 33 |
ceramide np
| A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin |
| 34 |
glycine
| Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help restore the skin barrier function |
| 35 |
lysine
| An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles |
| 36 |
oleic acid
| Helps soften the upper layer of the skin. At the same time, it can weaken the skin's barrier enhancing penetration of other ingredients and increasing the risk of skin dryness |
| 37 |
palmitic acid
| An emollient that is naturally present in skin and helps soften it |
| 38 |
phenylalanine
| |
| 39 |
proline
| |
| 40 |
scenedesmus rubescens extract
| A micro-algae extract that might help attract water to the upper layer of the skin, support its barrier function, amd might help neutralize free radicals, but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking |
| 41 |
, brassica alba oil,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 42 |
disodium edta
| Stabilizes the product formulation |
| 43 |
oligopeptide-17
| |
| 44 |
7,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 45 |
phenoxyethanol
| A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products |
| 46 |
sodium ascorbate
| |
