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1
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aqua/water
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Plain old water
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2
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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3
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dimethicone
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A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish
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4
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niacinamide
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Is proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture
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5
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propanediol
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Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin
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6
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dimethicone/peg-10/15 crosspolymer
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Helps oil and water mix together
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7
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methysilanol/silicate crosspolymer
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8
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sodium chloride
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Used to stabilize mixtures of oil and water, and create thicker, gel-like product textures
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9
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polymethylsilsesquioxane
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A silicone that improves product texture and helps dissolve other ingredients. Can form a non-greasy film on the skin to prevent moisture loss
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10
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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11
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microcrystalline cellulose
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12
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ci 77163/bismuth oxychloride
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Colorant
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13
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chlorphenesin
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A preservative
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14
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caprylyl glycol
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Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
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15
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sodium citrate
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Helps to control the skin's pH level. Maintains the skin's natural film of amino-lactic acids and oils. Helps to preserve products
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16
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ethylhexyl hydroxystearate
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and reduce water loss from it
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17
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peg-10 dimethicone
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A silicone that works to soften the upper layer of the skin and reduce its water loss
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18
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disodium edta
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Stabilizes the product formulation
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19
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cellulose gum
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Used to create thicker product consistency and stabilize emulsions
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20
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laminaria digitata extract
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Seaweed extract that helps the skin to attract water and make it more smooth for touch. Also shows promise of anti-aging properties, but good research is lacking at the moment
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21
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adenosine
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Might help improve cell turnover and reduce inflammation in skin. One study shows that the ingredients might be able to stimulate collagen production in skin
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22
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citrus aurantium amara flower oil/bitter orange flower oil
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Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
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23
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melaleuca viridiflora leaf oil
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24
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tetradecyl aminobutyroylvalylaminobutyric urea trifluroacetate
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A peptide. It helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin, support skin's barrier function and might have some slight anti-aging effect through stimulating skin's own production of hyaluronic acid
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25
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linalool
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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26
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cymbopogon flexuosus oil
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27
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citral
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A fragrance with a lemon scent. A likely irritant
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28
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limonene
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A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat
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29
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pelargonium graveolens flower oil
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An essential oil. Can be irritating. Can become an allergen with oxidation
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