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1
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aqua (water
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Plain old water
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2
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caprylic/capric triglyceride
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A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
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3
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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4
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isododecane
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An emollient that helps soften the skin and can decrease moisture loss. Helps create a nice product texture
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5
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sodium acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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6
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ppg-12/smdi copolymer
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Used to create a nice product finish
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7
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cyclodextrin
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A type of sugar that is used to support delivery of active ingredients and can enhance their penetration into the skin without disrupting the skin's barrier
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8
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cetearyl alcohol
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A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture
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9
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sorbitan olivate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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10
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tocopheryl acetate
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A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
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11
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squalane
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An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling.
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12
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sodium hyaluronate
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
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13
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daucus carota sativa (carrot) seed oil
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A plant oil that might help neutralize free radicals and have an anti-bacterial effect
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14
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hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer
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A gelling agent that thickens the product consistency and leaves the skin with a velvety finish
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15
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retinal
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One step removed from the biologically active in skin form of vitamin A. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, retinal is proven to be effective against all signs of aging. It improves skin cell turnover, helps fight blemishes and clogged pores, can regulate excess oil production and even skin tone. It can, however, be quite irritating
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16
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ethylhexylglycerin
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A preservative
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17
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pentylene glycol
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Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
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18
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vanilla planifolia (vanilla) fruit extract
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A plant extract used as a fragrance. Can be irritating
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19
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hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
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Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the formulation
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20
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rubus chamaemorus (cloudberry) seed oil
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21
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sodium polyaspartate
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help stabilize the product formulation
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22
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tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate
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Being a lipid soluble form of vitamin C, it is more stable. It is claimed to penetrate skin better than pure vitamin C and have the the similar benefits, but solid studies of its effectiveness are lacking. Is likely to require a higher concentration in a product than pure vitamin C to be effective.
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23
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dipteryx odorata (tonka) bean extract
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24
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polyhydroxystearic acid
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Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the formulation
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25
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disodium edta
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Stabilizes the product formulation
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26
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3-o-ethyl ascorbic acid
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A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Can help neutralize free radicals and help reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products
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27
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hydroxyacetophenone
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Used to increase effectiveness of preservatives
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28
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titanium dioxide
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Works as a UV filter when used in high concentrations. It is photostable and is effective mostly against the UVB light, with some protection in the UVA range. In small concentrations, used for its ability to improve the color of cosmetic products. Is usually well tolerated by the skin
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29
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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30
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alumina
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The same compound that is used safely in dental implants and bone cements. In cosmetics, it is used to improve the consistency of products
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31
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lonicera caprifolium (honeysuckle) flower extract
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A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin. Can contain volalite oils and be irritating
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32
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isostearic acid
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Used to create a nice product texture
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33
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lecithin
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Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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34
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lonicera japonica (honeysuckle) flower extract
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A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin. Can contain volalite oils and be irritating
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35
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polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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36
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stearic acid
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Helps oil and water mix together and works as an emollient
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37
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bht
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A preservative
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38
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coumarin
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A fragrance. Is a likely skin allergen and can be irritating
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39
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ci 14700 (red 4
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A colorant
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