1 |
water (aqua
| Plain old water |
2 |
glycolic acid
| An alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that helps to remove the dead skin cells on the surface of the skin reveling a more even, smoother complexation. It is also able to stimulate collagen production with long-term use. Could help to reduce pore congestion. It can be irritating to the skin. Apply sunscreen daily if using products with glycolic acid |
3 |
alcohol denat.
| Produces temporary toning effect. Can help dissolve other ingredients or preserve products |
4 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
5 |
pentylene glycol
| Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture |
6 |
sodium hydroxide
| Used to adjust the product's pH |
7 |
propanediol
| Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin |
8 |
spondias mombin pulp extract
| |
9 |
mangifera indica (mango) pulp extract
| |
10 |
musa sapientum (banana) pulp extract
| |
11 |
olea europaea (olive) leaf extract
| A plant extract that might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but evidence for effectiveness in skin is missing |
12 |
terminalia ferdinandiana fruit extract
| A plant extract that might have some anti-oxidant effect in skin, but evidence is lacking |
13 |
zizyphus jujuba seed extract
| |
14 |
lavendula angustifolia (lavender) oil
| An essential oil. Potential allergen and can be irritating. It has some anti-bacterial properties |
15 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
16 |
ascorbic acid
| One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation |
17 |
dipotassium glycyrrhizate
| A salt derived from licorice. Works as an emollient to soften the upper layer of the skin and can help calm down inflammation. Might be helpful for skin lightening |
18 |
galactoarabinan
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
19 |
piperonyl glucose
| |
20 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
21 |
decyl glucoside
| Helps oil and water mix together. Can be irritating |
22 |
levan
| |
23 |
xylitol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrier function |
24 |
caprylic acid
| |
25 |
caprylyl glycol
| Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture |
26 |
phenethyl alcohol
| A fragrance. Can be irritating |
27 |
benzyl alcohol
| A preservative. Can be used to mask unpleasant smell. Can be irritating |
28 |
potassium sorbate
| A preservative |