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1
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aqua (water
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Plain old water
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2
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caprylic/capric triglyceride
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A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
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3
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oleyl erucate
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4
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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5
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triheptanoin
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A synthetic triglyceride. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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6
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cyclodextrin
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A type of sugar that is used to support delivery of active ingredients and can enhance their penetration into the skin without disrupting the skin's barrier
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7
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cetearyl olivate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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8
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sorbitan olivate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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9
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hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer
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A gelling agent that thickens the product consistency and leaves the skin with a velvety finish
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10
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biosaccharide gum-1
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and is claimed to provide a longer-lasting hydration because of its ability to create a water-binding film on the surface of the skin
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11
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allantoin
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Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated
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12
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retinal
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One step removed from the biologically active in skin form of vitamin A. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, retinal is proven to be effective against all signs of aging. It improves skin cell turnover, helps fight blemishes and clogged pores, can regulate excess oil production and even skin tone. It can, however, be quite irritating
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13
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rubus chamaemorus (cloudberry) seed oil
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14
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panthenol
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function
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15
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citric acid
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Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH
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16
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tocopheryl acetate
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A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
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17
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disodium edta
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Stabilizes the product formulation
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18
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pentylene glycol
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Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
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19
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ethylhexylglycerin
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A preservative
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20
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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