| 1 |
aqua
| Plain old water |
| 2 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
| 3 |
squalane
| An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling. |
| 4 |
ethylhexyl isononanoate
| Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and improve the product consistency |
| 5 |
ascorbyl glucoside
| A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Has a potential to boost collagen production, nutralise free radicals and reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products |
| 6 |
pentylene glycol
| Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture |
| 7 |
butylene glycol
| Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin |
| 8 |
steareth-2
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 9 |
glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root extract
| A plant extract that can help lighten the skin and calm down inflammation. Might be helpful in neutralizing free radicals |
| 10 |
paeonia suffruticosa root extract
| |
| 11 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
| 12 |
adenosine
| Might help improve cell turnover and reduce inflammation in skin. One study shows that the ingredients might be able to stimulate collagen production in skin |
| 13 |
tocopheryl acetate
| A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients. |
| 14 |
tocopherol
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
| 15 |
cetyl alcohol
| A non-drying alcohol that works to soften the skin and stabilize product formulations helping oil and water mix together |
| 16 |
stearyl alcohol
| An emollient that helps soften the skin |
| 17 |
hydrogenated coco-glycerides
| Helps oil and water mix together while creating a nice finish on the skin |
| 18 |
steareth-21
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 19 |
dipalmitoyl hydroxyproline
| Is claimed to stimulate collagen and elastin production, as well as work as an anti-oxidant. There is however not enough evidence for its effectiveness |
| 20 |
polymethylsilsesquioxane
| A silicone that improves product texture and helps dissolve other ingredients. Can form a non-greasy film on the skin to prevent moisture loss |
| 21 |
polyacrylamide
| Used to improve product texture and help oil and water mix together |
| 22 |
acrylates/c10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer
| Maintains the texture of skincare products. Allows the product to spread evenly. Helps oil and water mix together |
| 23 |
sodium hydroxide
| Used to adjust the product's pH |
| 24 |
c13-14 isoparaffin
| Helps soften the upper layer of the skin, dissolve other ingredients and create a thicker product consistency |
| 25 |
parfum
| An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients |
| 26 |
caprylyl glycol
| Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture |
| 27 |
dimethicone
| A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish |
| 28 |
palmitic acid
| An emollient that is naturally present in skin and helps soften it |
| 29 |
laureth-7
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 30 |
bht
| A preservative |
| 31 |
phenoxyethanol
| A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products |
| 32 |
limonene
| A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat |
| 33 |
linalool
| A fragrance. Can be irritating |
| 34 |
citral
| A fragrance with a lemon scent. A likely irritant |
