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1
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water
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Plain old water
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2
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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3
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isotridecyl isononanoate
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4
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hydrogenated polyisobutene
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Used to improve the product consistency and soften the upper layer of the skin
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5
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pentylene glycol
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Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
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6
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isononyl isononanoate
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Forms a protective film on the surface of the skin to prevent moisture loss. Gives a velvety feel to products while reducing tackiness
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7
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steareth-21
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Helps oil and water mix together
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8
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ascorbyl glucoside
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A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Has a potential to boost collagen production, nutralise free radicals and reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products
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9
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dimethicone
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A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish
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10
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tromethamine
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Helps adjust pH in products
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11
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myristyl myristate
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An emollient. Is not recommended for acne-prone skin as it can be comedogenic
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12
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jojoba esters
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An emollient made of jojoba oil. Helps soften the skin and support its barrier function
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13
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xanthan gum
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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14
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glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root extract
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A plant extract that can help lighten the skin and calm down inflammation. Might be helpful in neutralizing free radicals
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15
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butyrospermum parkii (shea) seedcake extract
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16
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paeonia suffruticosa root extract
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17
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tocopheryl acetate
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A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
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18
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tocopherol
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Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
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19
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behenyl alcohol
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Non-drying alcohol that helps water and oil mix together. Also serves as an emollient
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20
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cetyl alcohol
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A non-drying alcohol that works to soften the skin and stabilize product formulations helping oil and water mix together
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21
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glyceryl stearate
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An emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together
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22
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stearyl alcohol
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An emollient that helps soften the skin
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23
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silica
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Used to absorb oil and can temporarily mattify skin
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24
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polymethylsilsesquioxane
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A silicone that improves product texture and helps dissolve other ingredients. Can form a non-greasy film on the skin to prevent moisture loss
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25
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sodium polyacrylate
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Used to create a gel-like product texture, as well as to stabilize emulsions
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26
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sodium citrate
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Helps to control the skin's pH level. Maintains the skin's natural film of amino-lactic acids and oils. Helps to preserve products
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27
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butylene glycol
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Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
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28
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acrylates/c10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer
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Maintains the texture of skincare products. Allows the product to spread evenly. Helps oil and water mix together
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29
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caprylyl glycol
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Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
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30
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fragrance
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An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients
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31
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tetrasodium edta
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Helps to stabilize the product formulation
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32
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sodium hyaluronate
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
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33
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dimethiconol
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A silicone that makes products more spreadable and keeps skin smooth. Helps to add gloss to skin and may visually fill in fine lines/wrinkles for short time
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34
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citric acid
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Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH
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35
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bht
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A preservative
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36
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prolinamidoethyl imidazole
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37
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diamond powder
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Does not have known skin benefits. Might help create an optical illusion of smoother skin
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38
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limonene
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A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat
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39
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linalool
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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40
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citral
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A fragrance with a lemon scent. A likely irritant
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41
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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Maria from WIMJ 
