Works for:
Anti-oxidation,
Evens skin tone,
Anti-aging
A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Can help neutralize free radicals and help reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products
Works for:
Anti-blemish,
Anti-aging,
Evens skin tone,
Exfoliation
Three steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. To have an effect in the skin, it first needs to be converted twice to become the retinoic acid. This means it is less potent than retinol, but could also be less irritating. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, it helps against all signs of aging, improves skin cell turnover and helps fight blemishes and clogged pores. However, in many cosmetic formulations, it is used in a concentration that is too low to have the full effect
Water, Butylene glycol, Glycerin, Hydrogenated poly(c6-14 olefin), Niacinamide, Pentaerythrityl tetraethylhexanoate, Hydrolyzed hibiscus esculentus extract, Lupinus albus seed extract, Moringa oleifera seed extract, Hippophae rhamnoides fruit extract, 1,2-hexanediol, Glyceryl stearate, Pentylene glycol, Glycerin, Hydroxyethyl acrylate/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer, Caprylyl glycol, Tromethamine, Adenosine, Polysorbate 60, Sorbitan isostearate, 3-o-ethyl ascorbic acid, Hydrogenated lecithin, Polyglyceryl-10 stearate, Panthenol, Methylpropanediol, Sodium ascorbyl phosphate, Tocopheryl acetate, Glyceryl arachidonate, Glyceryl linolenate, Biotin, Retinyl palmitate, Ethylhexylglycerin, Stearyl alcohol, Cetyl alcohol, Carbomer, Disodium edta, Myristyl alcohol, Lauryl alcohol, Phenoxyethanol, Limonene, Parfum, Benzyl benzoate, Linalool, Citral, Butylphenyl methylpropional, Ci 19140
