| 1 |
water (aqua
| Plain old water |
| 2 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
| 3 |
niacinamide
| Is proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture |
| 4 |
pentylene glycol
| Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture |
| 5 |
isodecyl neopentanoate
| An emollient that helps soften the skin. It also forms a protective on its surface to reduce water loss. |
| 6 |
butyrospermum parkii (shea butter)
| A great moisturising ingredient that softens the skin and reduces water loss from its upper layer. It also can be helpful in protecting skin from free radicals |
| 7 |
ppg-10 methyl glucose ether
| Helps create a nice product texture and can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
| 8 |
panthenol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function |
| 9 |
biosaccharide gum-1
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and is claimed to provide a longer-lasting hydration because of its ability to create a water-binding film on the surface of the skin |
| 10 |
tremella fuciformis polysaccharide
| |
| 11 |
phenoxyethanol
| A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products |
| 12 |
polyglyceryl-10 laurate
| Helps water and oil mix together |
| 13 |
glyceryl stearate
| An emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together |
| 14 |
peg-100 stearate
| Helps oil and water mix togehter and creates a nice product texture |
| 15 |
honey
| Helps attract water to the skin and might have some anti-bacterial properties. Can be an allergen |
| 16 |
mel
| Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and attract water to it |
| 17 |
allantoin
| Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated |
| 18 |
cetyl alcohol
| A non-drying alcohol that works to soften the skin and stabilize product formulations helping oil and water mix together |
| 19 |
carbomer
| Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations |
| 20 |
lecithin
| Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin |
| 21 |
citrus aurantium bergamia (bergamot) fruit oil
| A plant oil with a high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin and lead to allergic reactions. Can lead to photosensitivity |
| 22 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
| 23 |
phytosteryl/octyldodecyl lauroyl glutamate
| A mix of amino acids and plant-based lipids. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and reduce water loss over time |
| 24 |
lavandula angustifolia (lavender) oil
| An essential oil. Potential allergen and can be irritating. It has some anti-bacterial properties |
| 25 |
tocopheryl acetate
| A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients. |
| 26 |
disodium edta
| Stabilizes the product formulation |
| 27 |
sodium citrate
| Helps to control the skin's pH level. Maintains the skin's natural film of amino-lactic acids and oils. Helps to preserve products |
| 28 |
potassium hydroxide
| Used to adjust the pH level of products |
| 29 |
limonene
| A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat |
| 30 |
alcohol
| Can be drying and contribute to skin irritation. Used in formulars to dissolve other ingredients, create a thinner product consistency or for its antibacterial properties |
| 31 |
retinol
| Two steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, retinol is proven to be effective against all signs of aging. It improves skin cell turnover, helps fight blemishes and clogged pores, can regulate excess oil production and even skin tone. It can, however, be quite irritating |
| 32 |
polysorbate 20
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 33 |
linalool
| A fragrance. Can be irritating |
| 34 |
citrullus lanatus (watermelon) fruit extract
| A plant extract that can contain an antioxidant compound |
| 35 |
pyrus malus (apple) fruit extract
| Can have some moisturizing properties due to its sugar content |
| 36 |
lens esculenta (lentil) fruit extract
| A plant extract containing sugars that might help attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Is claimed by the manufacturer to help reduce pore size but evidence is lacking |
| 37 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
| 38 |
potassium phosphate
| Helps regulate the pH of the formulation |
| 39 |
cupressus sempervirns oil
| |
| 40 |
salvia sclarea (clary) oil
| |
| 41 |
commiphora myrrha oil
| |
| 42 |
santalum album (sandalwood) oil
| Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating |
| 43 |
anthemis nobilis flower oil
| An essential oil that is used as a fragrance and can be irritating. It might have some anti-oxidant effect in skin |
| 44 |
carum petroselinum (parsley) seed oil
| |
| 45 |
sodium lactate
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Is often used to adjust the pH level of the product |
| 46 |
sodium pca
| Naturally present in skin and helps to attract water to its upper layer |
