| 1 |
water/aqua/eau
| Plain old water |
| 2 |
3-o-ethyl ascorbic acid
| A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Can help neutralize free radicals and help reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products |
| 3 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
| 4 |
sorbitan isostearate
| Helps oil and water mix together |
| 5 |
carica papaya (papaya) fruit extract
| |
| 6 |
opuntia vulgaris (prickly pear) extract
| |
| 7 |
juniperus communis (juniper) fruit extract
| Berry extract that might have some anti-oxidant effect |
| 8 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
| 9 |
linoleic acid
| An excellent emollient. Helps soften the skin, restore its barrier function, and can help to calm down inflammation. It can be helpful to prevent blemishes and clogged pores |
| 10 |
daucus carota sativa (carrot) root extract
| |
| 11 |
beta-carotene
| A colorant adding orange or bright yellow color |
| 12 |
glyceryl caprylate
| An emollient that can also help water and oil mix together, as well as prevent bacteria growth in products |
| 13 |
xanthan gum
| Used to create a thicker product consistency |
| 14 |
caprylhydroxamic acid
| A preservative |
| 15 |
glycine soja (soybean) oil
| A good emollient that helps soften the skin and helps repair its barrier function |
| 16 |
linolenic acid
| An emollient that helps soften the skin and calm down inflammation |
| 17 |
tocopherol
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
