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1
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ingredients: ingredients:
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The ingredient is not recognized
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2
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water
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Plain old water
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3
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ethoxydiglycol
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Helps to improve the product consistency
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4
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, l-
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The ingredient is not recognized
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5
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ascorbic acid
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One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation
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6
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propylene glycol
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Helps oil and water mix together and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin
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7
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alpha tocopherol
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Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
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8
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polysorbate 80
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Helps water and oil mix together
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9
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panthenol
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function
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10
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ferulic acid
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A potent anti-oxidant that has been shown to be effective in neutralizing free radicals in skin. There seem to have a synergetic effect of ferulic acid, vitamin E and C, meaning that when the ingredients are used together, they enhance each other's ability protect the skin against free radicals. Ferulic acid also helps to stabilize other ingredients - including vitamins C and E. It can help to even out the skin tone. Ferulic acid is approved for use as a sunscreen ingredient in Japan in concentrations up to 10%
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11
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sodium hyaluronate
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
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12
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benzylalcohol
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A preservative. Can be used to mask unpleasant smell. Can be irritating
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13
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dehydroacetic acid
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A preservative
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14
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water
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Plain old water
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15
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ethoxydiglycol
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Helps to improve the product consistency
|
|
16
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, l-
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The ingredient is not recognized
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|
17
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ascorbic acid
|
One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation
|
|
18
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propylene glycol
|
Helps oil and water mix together and can enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin
|
|
19
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alpha tocopherol
|
Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
|
|
20
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polysorbate 80
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Helps water and oil mix together
|
|
21
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panthenol
|
Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function
|
|
22
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ferulic acid
|
A potent anti-oxidant that has been shown to be effective in neutralizing free radicals in skin. There seem to have a synergetic effect of ferulic acid, vitamin E and C, meaning that when the ingredients are used together, they enhance each other's ability protect the skin against free radicals. Ferulic acid also helps to stabilize other ingredients - including vitamins C and E. It can help to even out the skin tone. Ferulic acid is approved for use as a sunscreen ingredient in Japan in concentrations up to 10%
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23
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sodium hyaluronate
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
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|
24
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benzylalcohol
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A preservative. Can be used to mask unpleasant smell. Can be irritating
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25
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dehydroacetic acid
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A preservative
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