
“Niacinamide: Refines pores, absorbs oil, and improves the look of dark spots.”
This product can help reduce hypepigmentation and even out the skin tone because it contains the following effective ingredients: niacinamide
The following ingredient (ingredients) in this product might be helpful, but there is no evidence to confirm that it actually can help even out the skin tone: arbutin, glycyrrhiza glabra root extract.
Keep in mind that you would need to apply any topical skincare targetted at hypigmentation consistently for a couple of months to get a result. No topical skincare product can help get rid of hyperpigmentation (including post-acne marks and age spots) instantly.
“Promotes collagen and reduces the appearance of wrinkles.”
This product can help reduce and prevent fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin elasticity and firmness because it contains adenosine, niacinamide.
These ingredients in the product can also be helpful, even though there is less evidence for their effectiveness: serine.
Keep in mind that it typically takes at least 6 weeks to notice any results because the changes that are needed to improve fine lines and elasticity happen in the deeper layers of the skin. No topical anti-aging product can “erase” wrinkles or fully reverse signs of aging.
“Squalane: Lightweight moisture that softens and locks in hydration.”
This product can help improve hydration of the skin with the two types of ingredients.
The first type is called “humectants”:
these ingredients help attract water.
When humectants are on the surface of the skin, they “pull in” the moisture from the outside environment, or from
within deeper layers of the skin. The following ingredients in this product do the job:
glycerin, sodium hyaluronate.
This product also contains ingredients called “occlusives”. They help reduce the speed with which our skin loses moisture to the outside environment. These ingredients also help soften the upper layer of the skin, so it feels less tight and nicer to the touch. The following ingredients in this product do the job: squalane, cholesterol.
The following ingredients in this product are especially good for supporting the skin barrier and helping with the hydration level: ceramide np, niacinamide, urea
This product can help reduce breakouts and clogged pores because it contains the following ingredient: niacinamide. This ingredient is used for treating acne and can have a noticeable effect.
This product contains antioxidants (arbutin) that might be able to help neutralize free radicals in skin to lessen the damage it gets from the UV light (sun). There is not enough evidence to confirm their effectiveness in skin though.


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Filter by role to see what each ingredient is doing.
Helps to dissolve other ingredients and attract water to the upper layer of the skin
More about Peg-6One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
More about GlycerinHelps to dissolve other ingredients in a formulation. Slows down the rate of product drying
More about Dipropylene glycolUsed to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
More about Butylene glycolIs proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture. The concentration of about 2% is effective for supporting the skin barrier and evening out the skin tone. Concentration of 4-6% is better for helping with acne and balancing the sebum production
More about NiacinamideA plant extract tha can have anti-oxidant properties, but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking
More about Vaccinium angustifolium fruit extractTraditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin
More about Aloe barbadensis leaf juiceHelps create a thicker or gel-like product texture. It is not a surfactant but can be used in gentle cleansing formulations
More about CarbomerA plant extract that has some anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial properties. Can be irritating
More about Calendula officinalis flower extractA plant extract that can help lighten the skin and calm down inflammation. Might be helpful in neutralizing free radicals
More about Glycyrrhiza glabra root extractAn oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling.
More about SqualaneUsed to create a thicker product consistency
More about Xanthan gumHelps to retain moisture by creating a protective barrier on the skin. Rich in fatty acids. Improves product texture and helps with the penetration of other ingredients.
More about Hydrogenated lecithinOne of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
More about Sodium hyaluronateHelps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
More about Caprylyl glycolHelps create a more spreadable product texture
More about Hexylene glycolA type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin
More about Ceramide npMight help improve cell turnover and reduce inflammation in skin. One study shows that the ingredients might be able to help reduce dynamic wrinkles (for example, in the corners of the eyes or on the forehead)
More about AdenosineNaturally present in skin (urea makes up about 7% of natural moisturizing factors in skin). Attracts water to the upper layer of the skin. Also has a positive effect on the skin barrier beyond the humectant action. Can enhance penetration of other ingredients. Is an exfoliating ingredient when used in high concentrations
More about UreaA sugar that attracts water to the upper layer of the skin
More about TrehaloseUsed to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
More about Pentylene glycolBeta-arbutin. Can help to reduce hyperpigmentation and has an anti-oxidant effect when used in high enough concentration. Is less effective compared to alpha-arbutin
More about ArbutinA more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
More about Tocopheryl acetateAn active component of chamomile plant that historically has been used to calm down irritated skin. A recent study shows that bisabolol indeed can have some anti-inflammatory effect on skin, even though conclusive data is lacking. Bisabolol has a sweet floral scent and can be added to products for its aromatic properties
More about BisabololAn emollient that is naturally found in skin
More about CholesterolAn amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles
More about SerineHelps soften the upper layer of the skin. At the same time, it can weaken the skin's barrier enhancing penetration of other ingredients and increasing the risk of skin dryness
More about Oleic acidUsed to thicken product formulation. Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin
More about AlginHelps adjust the product pH and stabilize the formulation
More about Disodium phosphateHelps to create a nice product texture and spread the product more easily on the skin
More about Glyceryl polyacrylateCreates a thin drying film on the skin resulting in a short-term tightening effect
More about PullulanWater, Peg-6, Glycerin, Rubus fruticosus leaf extract, Dipropylene glycol, Butylene glycol, Niacinamide, 1,2-hexanediol, Vaccinium angustifolium fruit extract, Aloe barbadensis leaf juice, Carbomer, Calendula officinalis flower extract, Unknown, Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract, Squalane, Hydrolyzed dna, Xanthan gum, Hydrogenated lecithin, Sodium hyaluronate, Caprylyl glycol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Polysorbate 20, Hexylene glycol, Ceramide np, Adenosine, Urea, Trehalose, Pentylene glycol, Arbutin, Tocopheryl acetate, Bisabolol, Cholesterol, Serine, Oleic acid, Inulin lauryl carbamate, Algin, Disodium phosphate, Glyceryl polyacrylate, Pullulan, Potassium phosphate
Retailers ranked by price — lowest first.
Match % combines shared ingredients, the first five ingredients, shared actives and hero ingredients, irritancy (lower counts in the alternative's favour), texture and body area. Only products in the same routine step are compared.
| RejuranDual Effect AmpouleYOUR PRODUCT | AHCHydrating Korean Skincare Aqualuronic Face Serum | FULLightRe:dence Hyaluron Ectoin Serum | EqqualberryVitamin illuminating Serum | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Match | — | 93% | 86% | 84% |
| Price | $55.00 | $25.96−$29.04 | $12.06−$42.94 | $18.10−$36.90 |
| Shared key ingredients | — | 9 of 13 | 8 of 13 | 8 of 13 |
| Key difference | — | Copper Tripeptide-1 | Copper Tripeptide-1 | Ferulic Acid |
| Irritancy | Medium | Medium | Medium | Medium |
| Drying alcohol | — | — | — | — |
| View product | Shop | Shop | Shop |
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Every concentration estimate and effectiveness label is anchored to one of these 22 studies and safety reviews.
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