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1
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aloe barbadensis (aloe) leaf juice
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Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin
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2
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zinc oxide
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A broad spectrum sunblock (protects from both UVA and UVB rays). Is suitable for most sensitive skins. In small concentrations, can be used as a colorant
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3
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isoamyl laurate
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Helps stabilize emulsions and create a nice product texture
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4
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dicaprylyl carbonate
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Helps products spread more easily and works as an emollient to soften skin
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5
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polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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6
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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7
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cetyl ricinoleate
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An emollient that helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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8
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sorbitan sesquioleate
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Used to help oil and water mix together. Can be irritating
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9
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helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed wax
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and support skin's barrier function while creating a thicker product consistency
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10
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olea europaea (olive) oil unsaponifiables
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11
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aroma
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An unspecified blend of fragrant irritating ingredients
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12
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sodium chloride
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Used to stabilize mixtures of oil and water, and create thicker, gel-like product textures
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13
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cera alba
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Forms a protective barrier that holds water and keeps dry skin hydrated. Keeps an emulsion from separating into its oil and liquid components, and increases the thickness of a product. Can be an allergen
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14
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glyceryl caprylate
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An emollient that can also help water and oil mix together, as well as prevent bacteria growth in products
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15
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magnesium stearate
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16
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sorbitan caprylate
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17
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cellulose
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Can be used to help absorb oil as well as add volume and imporve texture of products.
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18
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rhus verniciflua peel cera
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19
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rhus succedanea fruit cera
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20
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shorea robusta resin
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21
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rubus idaeus (raspberry) seed oil
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A plant oil that might be able to help neutralize free radicals in skin
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22
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xanthan gum
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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23
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propanediol
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Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin
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24
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benzoic acid
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A preservative
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25
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aluminum tristearate
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26
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potassium hydroxide
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Used to adjust the pH level of products
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27
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aqua
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Plain old water
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28
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ascorbyl palmitate
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Being a lipid soluble form of vitamin C, it is more stable and can penetrate the skin better than L-Ascorbic acid. It is effective in protecting the skin from free radicals, as well as evening the skin tone, but is less effective in stimulating collagen production compared to L-Ascorbic acid.
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29
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vitamin c
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One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation
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30
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sodium phytate
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Used to stabilize product formulations
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31
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tocopherol
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Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
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32
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geraniol
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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