
2 of 2 advertised claims delivered
“Eliminates dark spots & combat melanin formation.”
The following ingredient (ingredients) in this product might be helpful, but there is no evidence to confirm that it actually works: ascorbyl glucoside.
“Helps refresh skin to prevent dryness & roughness.”
This product can help improve hydration of the skin with the two types of ingredients.
The first type is called “humectants”:
these ingredients help attract water.
When humectants are on the surface of the skin, they “pull in” the moisture from the outside environment, or from
within deeper layers of the skin. The following ingredients in this product do the job:
glycerin, butylene glycol.
This product also contains ingredients called “occlusives”. They help reduce the speed with which our skin loses moisture to the outside environment. These ingredients also help soften the upper layer of the skin, so it feels less tight and nicer to the touch. The following ingredients in this product do the job: methicone, squalane.
This product contains antioxidants (ascorbyl glucoside) that might be able to help neutralize free radicals in skin to lessen the damage it gets from the UV light (sun). There is not enough evidence to confirm their effectiveness in skin though.
This product contains ascorbyl glucoside. This ingredient might be able to help reduce and prevent fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin elasticity and firmness, but there is not enough evidence that it actually works.
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Filter by role to see what each ingredient is doing.
A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Has a potential to boost collagen production, nutralise free radicals and reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products
More about Ascorbyl glucosideUsed to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
More about Butylene glycolOne of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
More about GlycerinAn oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling.
More about SqualaneCan be drying and contribute to skin irritation. Used in formulars to dissolve other ingredients, create a thinner product consistency or for its antibacterial properties
More about AlcoholA non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture
More about Cetearyl alcoholCould be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin, evening out the skin tone and neutralizing free radicals, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness
More about TaurineUsed to create a thicker product consistency
More about Xanthan gumCan work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH
More about Citric acidAn emollient that helps soften the skin and is used to improve product texture and stability
More about Cetyl palmitateNon-drying alcohol that helps water and oil mix together. Also serves as an emollient
More about Behenyl alcoholA type of silicone that helps soften the upper layer of the skin and reduces the water loss from the skin surface
More about MethiconeHelps adjust the product pH and stabilize the formulation
More about Disodium phosphateCan be drying and contribute to skin irritation. Used in formulars to dissolve other ingredients, create a thinner product consistency or for its antibacterial properties
More about AlcoholAn aromatic blend of unspecified and possibly irritating ingredients
More about ParfumAscorbyl glucoside, Water, Butylene glycol, Unknown, Glycerin, Squalane, Alcohol, Cholesteryl hydroxystearate, Cetearyl alcohol, Daucus carota sativa extract, Yokuinin, Unknown, Taurine, Unknown, Menthol, Xanthan gum, Citric acid, Cetyl palmitate, Behenyl alcohol, Methicone, Disodium phosphate, Sodium hydroxide, Hydrogen, Glycine soja extract, Alcohol, Benzoic acid, Unknown, Parfum
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Every concentration estimate and effectiveness label is anchored to one of these 4 studies and safety reviews.
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