| 1 |
helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil
| A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function |
| 2 |
jojoba esters
| An emollient made of jojoba oil. Helps soften the skin and support its barrier function |
| 3 |
vitis vinifera (grape seed) oil
| |
| 4 |
simmondsia chinensis (jojoba seed) oil
| Softens the upper layer of skin and helps restore the healthy skin barrier. Has shown to help calm down inflammation in skin. It is a stable oil, meaning that it retains its properties even when exposed to air. |
| 5 |
punica granatum (pomegranate seed) oil
| Helps soften the upper layer of the skin |
| 6 |
jojoba oil/macadamia seed oil esters
| |
| 7 |
phytosteryl macadamiate
| Helps soften the upper layer of the skin |
| 8 |
phytosterols
| Lipids that work as an emollient and can be helpful in repairing skin barrier function |
| 9 |
malus domestica (apple) fruit cell culture extract
| |
| 10 |
vitis vinifera (grape) fruit cell extract
| |
| 11 |
+, citrus medica limonum (lemon) leaf cell extract+,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 12 |
squalene
| An oil that is naturally part of skin sebum that helps to soften its upper layer, reduce water loss and neutralize free radicals. It might be comedogenic. Avoid applying large concentrations (or pure oil) before sun exposure as oxidized squalene can clog pores and lead to skin irritation. Today squalene is mostly derived from vegetable oils or synthetized by yeast |
| 13 |
ascorbyl palmitate
| Being a lipid soluble form of vitamin C, it is more stable and can penetrate the skin better than L-Ascorbic acid. It is effective in protecting the skin from free radicals, as well as evening the skin tone, but is less effective in stimulating collagen production compared to L-Ascorbic acid. |
| 14 |
tocopherol (vitamin e
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
| 15 |
isomalt
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
| 16 |
lecithin
| Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin |
| 17 |
phospholipid
| Emollients that are naturaly present in skin. In addition, they help water and oil mix together in the product |
| 18 |
xanthan gum
| Used to create a thicker product consistency |
| 19 |
, citrus reticulata (mandarin) oil+,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 20 |
cinnamomum camphora (ho wood) oil
| |
| 21 |
litsea cubeba (may chang) fruit oil
| An essential oil with a lemon-like smell that is extracted from a fruit grown in Asia. Used as a fragrance |
| 22 |
*. * = certified ingredient = plant derived
| The ingredient is not recognized |
