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1
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water (aqua
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Plain old water
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2
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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3
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caprylic/capric triglyceride
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A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin
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4
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s,
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The ingredient is not recognized
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5
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aluminum starch octenylsuccinate
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Used to thicken the product's consistency
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6
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dimethicone
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A silicone that helps to reduce water loss from the surface of the skin. Can temporarily "fill in" lines and wrinkles, absorb oil, and create a nice product finish
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7
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sorbitol
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture
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8
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squalane
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An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling.
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9
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persea gratissima (avocado) oil
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An emollient that helps soften the skin and could be helpful in repairing its barrier function
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10
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cetearyl alcohol
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A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture
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11
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cyclopentasiloxane
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A silicone that helps improve the product texture and spreadability. Can absord oil creating a short-term mattifying effect on the skin
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12
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methyl glucose dioleate
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13
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ceteth-20 phosphate
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14
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polyacrylamide
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Used to improve product texture and help oil and water mix together
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15
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butylene glycol
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Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
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16
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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17
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caprylyl glycol
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Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
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18
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c13-14 isoparaffin
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin, dissolve other ingredients and create a thicker product consistency
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19
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carbomer
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Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations
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20
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aminomethylpropanol
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Used to adjust the pH in formulations
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21
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ethylhexylglycerin
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A preservative
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22
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methylglucoside phosphate
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23
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trehalose
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A sugar that attracts water to the upper layer of the skin
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24
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urea
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Naturally present in skin. Attracts water to the upper layer of the skin. Can enhance penetration of other ingredients. Is an exfoliating ingredient when used in high concentrations
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25
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copper lysinate/prolinate
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26
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sodium gluconate
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Helps stabilize product formulations
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27
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acetyl hexapeptide-51 amide
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28
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acetyl octapeptide-3
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A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles
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29
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diglucosyl gallic acid
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30
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sodium hyaluronate
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
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31
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laureth-7
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Helps oil and water mix together
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32
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glyceryl polyacrylate
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Helps to create a nice product texture and spread the product more easily on the skin
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33
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serine
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An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles
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34
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pentylene glycol
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Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
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35
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retinyl palmitate
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Three steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. To have an effect in the skin, it first needs to be converted twice to become the retinoic acid. This means it is less potent than retinol, but could also be less irritating. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, it helps against all signs of aging, improves skin cell turnover and helps fight blemishes and clogged pores. However, in many cosmetic formulations, it is used in a concentration that is too low to have the full effect
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36
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tocopheryl acetate
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A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.
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37
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algin
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Used to thicken product formulation. Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin
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38
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pullulan
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Creates a thin drying film on the skin resulting in a short-term tightening effect
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39
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disodium phosphate
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Helps adjust the product pH and stabilize the formulation
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40
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potassium phosphate
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Helps regulate the pH of the formulation
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