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1
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aqua/water/eau
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Plain old water
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2
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butylene glycol
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Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin
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3
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propanediol
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Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin
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4
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maltodextrin
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Used to stabilize the product formulation and can help absorb oil
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5
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carbomer
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Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations
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6
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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7
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hydroxyacetophenone
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Used to increase effectiveness of preservatives
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8
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helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil
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A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function
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9
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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10
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sodium polyacrylate
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Used to create a gel-like product texture, as well as to stabilize emulsions
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11
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lespedeza capitata extract
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12
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pentylene glycol
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Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture
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13
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disodium edta
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Stabilizes the product formulation
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14
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sodium acetylated hyaluronate
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A type of hyaluronic acid that works as an excellent moisturizer by attracting water into the upper layer of the skin. Is typically feels less sticky on the skin compared to the usual hyaluronic acid
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15
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sodium hydroxide
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Used to adjust the product's pH
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16
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lactic acid
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An exfoliating and moisturizing alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). Typically causes less irritation than other AHAs, for example, glycolic acid. At high concentrations (about 15%), lactic acid can help reduce lines and wrinkles. Recent studies show that lactic acid can support the "good" bacteria living on skin's surface (healthy skin microbiom)
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17
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serine
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An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles
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18
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sodium lactate
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Is often used to adjust the pH level of the product
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19
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sorbitol
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Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture
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20
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urea
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Naturally present in skin. Attracts water to the upper layer of the skin. Can enhance penetration of other ingredients. Is an exfoliating ingredient when used in high concentrations
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21
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rhizobian gum
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Can temporarily tighten the skin right after application of the product. The effect will be short-lived. Helps improve the product considtency
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22
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sodium hyaluronate
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin
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23
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padina pavonica thallus extract
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Might help to soften the upper layer of the skin. Is claimed to have anti-oxidant properties, but evidence in missing
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24
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chlorphenesin
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A preservative
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25
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plankton extract
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Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin
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26
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chlorella vulgaris extract
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A plant extract that can help to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
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27
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sodium chloride
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Used to thicken the product formulation and might help to add minerals to the surface of the skin. It is used in scrubs as a physical exfoliant. Can increase sensitivity to other ingredients if left on the skin or used in high concentration
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28
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coenochloris signiensis extract
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An algae extract that might help attract water to the upper layer of the skin and neutralize free radicals
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29
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lecithin
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Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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30
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tocopherol
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Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
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31
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allantoin
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Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated
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