| 1 |
pichia/resveratrol ferment extract
| |
| 2 |
butylene glycol
| Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin |
| 3 |
1,2-hexanediol
| A preservative |
| 4 |
niacinamide
| Is proven to be effective in reducing blemishes, evening out skin tone and helping to improve lines and wrinkles. It helps the skin to repair sun damage, calm down inflammation and keep maintain good levels of moisture |
| 5 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
| 6 |
akebia quinata extract
| |
| 7 |
ceratonia siliqua (carob) fruit extract
| Plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin and even out skin tone, but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking |
| 8 |
sodium polyacrylate
| Used to create a gel-like product texture, as well as to stabilize emulsions |
| 9 |
pyridoxine hcl
| |
| 10 |
carnosine
| A type of peptide. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin. It can help neutralize free radicals in skin combatting the sun damage |
| 11 |
taurine
| Could be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin, evening out the skin tone and neutralizing free radicals, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness |
| 12 |
glutathione
| A peptide that can help neutralize free radicals in skin and reduce melanin production resulting in skin lightening effect and reduction in hyperpigmentation. It can also help attract moisture to the upper layer of the skin |
| 13 |
ascorbic acid
| One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation |
| 14 |
ubiquinone
| Coenzyme Q10. It helps neutralize free radicals in skin, improves skin hydration and might be helpful agains fine lines and wrinkles. It can be an allergen |
| 15 |
thioctic acid
| |
| 16 |
tocopherol
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
| 17 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
| 18 |
acetyl hexapeptide-8
| A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles |
| 19 |
adenosine
| Might help improve cell turnover and reduce inflammation in skin. One study shows that the ingredients might be able to stimulate collagen production in skin |
| 20 |
caprylyl glycol
| Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture |
| 21 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
| 22 |
betaine
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture |
| 23 |
trehalose
| A sugar that attracts water to the upper layer of the skin |
| 24 |
panthenol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function |
| 25 |
rosa damascena extract
| |
| 26 |
broussonetia kazinoki root extract
| |
| 27 |
lavandula angustifolia (lavender) flower extract
| Essential oil that can be irritating |
| 28 |
royal jelly extract
| A compound secreted by bees. Might be able to attract water to the top layer of the skin. Avoid if sensitive to honey and bee products |
| 29 |
rubus fruticosus (blackberry) fruit extract
| A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin |
| 30 |
punica granatum fruit extract
| |
| 31 |
aloe barbadensis leaf extract
| Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin |
| 32 |
mentha rotundifolia leaf extract
| Used as a fragrance and can be irritating |
| 33 |
olea europaea (olive) leaf extract
| A plant extract that might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but evidence for effectiveness in skin is missing |
| 34 |
milk protein extract
| |
| 35 |
cananga odorata flower extract
| Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating |
| 36 |
chamomilla recutita (matricaria) extract
| Plant extract that can have healing and anti-inflammatory properties. It is a potential allergen and can be irritating |
| 37 |
melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) leaf extract
| An essential oil that can be irritating. Has some anti-bacterial properties |
| 38 |
vitis vinifera (grape) fruit extract
| A plant extract that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. It might be helpful in neutralizing free radicals in skin, but is less potent than the extract from the seeds |
| 39 |
cucumis sativus (cucumber) fruit extract
| Might be somewhat helpful in reducing hyperpigmentation and neutralizing free radicals but its typical concentration in a product is too low for having an effect |
| 40 |
ethylhexylglycerin
| A preservative |
| 41 |
myrciaria dubia fruit extract
| A plant extract that might help neutralize free radicals in skin, but research on its effectiveness is lacking |
| 42 |
disodium edta
| Stabilizes the product formulation |
