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1
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aqua / water
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Plain old water
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2
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dicaprylyl carbonate
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Helps products spread more easily and works as an emollient to soften skin
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3
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homosalate
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A weak sunscreen that offers some protection against the sun rays that cause sunburn (UVB), but does not offer meaningful protection against protect against the most aging sun rays (UVA). It loses its effectiveness quickly when exposed to sunlight. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen. When used in low concentrations, helps to stabilize the product formulation
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4
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dicaprylyl ether
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin while creating a non-greasy feel on the skin. Helps to dissolve other ingredients
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5
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octocrylene
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A weak sunscreen that protects against the sun rays that cause sunburn (UVB) and is somewhat effective against the UVA rays. It is quite stable and can help stabilize other, more vulnerable, sunscreen ingredients like Avobenzone. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen
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6
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ethylhexyl salicylate
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Octisalate. A UV filter. It offers some protection against the sun rays that cause sunburn (UVB), but does not protect against the most aging sun rays (UVA). It loses its effectiveness quickly when exposed to sunlight. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen
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7
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butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane
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Avobenzone. A broad spectrum sunscreen meaning that it can protect against both UVA rays. Currently, it is the only sunscreen ingredient available in the US (approved by the FDA) with the peak absorbance within the UVA I range. It loses its effectiveness quickly when exposed to sunlight. It is an organic, or so called "chemical" sunscreen. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation
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8
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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9
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alcohol denat.
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Produces temporary toning effect. Can help dissolve other ingredients or preserve products
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10
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ethylhexyl triazone
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Uvinul T. A UV filter. Effective against UVB rays. It is photostable. Can increase water resistance properties of the sunscreen. Unfortunately, not approved by the FDA (US) yet
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11
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propanediol
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Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin
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12
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diisopropyl sebacate
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin without creatng a greasy finish
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13
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bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine
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Tinosorb S. One of the most effective broad spectrum sunscreen ingredients. Protects from both UVA and UVB rays. It is photostable. Unfortunately, not approved by FDA (US) yet.
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14
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phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid
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Ensulizole. A UV filter that is effective against UVB rays. Does not protect against UVA light. It is photostable and can be used to help stabilize other sunscreen ingredients. It is water-soluble meaning that it can help create lighter sunscreen formulations
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15
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triethanolamine
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Used to adjust pH of the product and can help improve the product's smell
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16
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phenoxyethanol
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A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products
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17
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caprylyl glycol
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Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture
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18
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terephthalylidene dicamphor sulfonic acid
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Ecamsule, Mexoryl SX. A UV filter. Is effective mostly against the UVA rays. It is legally marketed in the US with the FDA approval since 2006, even though the ingredient is not on the official FDA list of the approved sunscreen active ingredients. It is photostable
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19
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poly c10-30 alkyl acrylate
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20
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trisodium ethylenediamine disuccinate
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Used to improve stability of the formulation
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21
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tocopherol
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Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
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22
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argania spinosa kernel oil
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An emollient that helps soften the upper layer of the skin. Might have some weak anti-oxidant properties
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23
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sesamum indicum seed oil / sesame seed oil
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A good moisturizing plant oil. Due to the high linoleic acid content, it helps soften the upper layer of the skin, reduce water loss and support skin barrier function
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24
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cocos nucifera oil / coconut oil
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An emollient. Found to be as effective as a moisturizer for dry skin as mineral oil. Could be comedogenic
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25
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benzyl salicylate
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A fragrance. Is a likely irritant
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26
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aloe barbadensis leaf juice
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Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin
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27
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benzyl alcohol
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A preservative. Can be used to mask unpleasant smell. Can be irritating
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28
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limonene
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A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat
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29
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linalool
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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30
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citric acid
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Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH
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31
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potassium sorbate
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A preservative
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32
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sodium benzoate
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A preservative
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33
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parfum / fragrance
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An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients
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