Bonjour

Bonjour Biome Shield Cera Toner

Name: Bonjour - Biome Shield Cera Toner
Brand: Bonjour

Efficacy100/100IrritancyHigh

See all ingredients

Works for

Anti-aging

Galactomyces ferment filtrate, Adenosine + 1 more

Works well

What the product description says

“Proved to provide anti-aging and firming effects.”

Source: Yesstyle

This product can help reduce and prevent fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin elasticity and firmness because it contains adenosine.

These ingredients in the product can also be helpful, even though there is less evidence for their effectiveness: galactomyces ferment filtrate.

Keep in mind that it typically takes at least 6 weeks to notice any results because the changes that are needed to improve fine lines and elasticity happen in the deeper layers of the skin. No topical anti-aging product can “erase” wrinkles or fully reverse signs of aging.

Galactomyces ferment filtrateKey activeEffect: MediumA yeast ferment filtrate (also known as Pitera - a trademarked name for the filtrate reserved by the SK-II brand). It helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin, can help neutralize antioxidants and can be helpful in evening out the skin tone. It might be somewhat helpful in preventing premature skin aging but solid evidence is lacking. A small manufacturer study also shows that, when used in high concentrations, it can help reduce sebum production and help against blocked pores~22–33%

AdenosineKey activeEffect: HighMight help improve cell turnover and reduce inflammation in skin. One study shows that the ingredients might be able to help reduce dynamic wrinkles (for example, in the corners of the eyes or on the forehead)~0.45–1.05%

Laminaria digitata extractEffect: Low, below effective doseSeaweed extract that helps the skin to attract water and make it more smooth for touch. Also shows promise of anti-aging properties, but good research is lacking at the moment~0.35–0.8%

Moisturizing

Ceramide np, Ceramide ns + 17 more

Works well

What the product description says

“This is a rich moisturizing toner that replenishes moisture in dehydrated skin and strengthens the skin barrier.”

Source: Yesstyle

This product can help improve hydration of the skin with the two types of ingredients.

The first type is called “humectants”:
these ingredients help attract water. When humectants are on the surface of the skin, they “pull in” the moisture from the outside environment, or from within deeper layers of the skin. The following ingredients in this product do the job: allantoin, betaine.

This product also contains ingredients called “occlusives”. They help reduce the speed with which our skin loses moisture to the outside environment. These ingredients also help soften the upper layer of the skin, so it feels less tight and nicer to the touch. The following ingredients in this product do the job: cholesterol, caprylyl glycol.

The following ingredients in this product are especially good for supporting the skin barrier and helping with the hydration level: ceramide ap, ceramide as, ceramide eop, ceramide np, ceramide ns

Ceramide npHero· EmollientEffect: HighA type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin~0.35–0.85%

Ceramide nsHero· EmollientEffect: HighA type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin~0.15–0.55%

Ceramide apHero· EmollientEffect: HighA type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin~0.1–0.5%

Ceramide asHeroEffect: HighA type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin~0.1–0.4%

Ceramide eopHero· EmollientEffect: HighA type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin~0.1–0.45%

Galactomyces ferment filtrateKey active· HumectantEffect: HighA yeast ferment filtrate (also known as Pitera - a trademarked name for the filtrate reserved by the SK-II brand). It helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin, can help neutralize antioxidants and can be helpful in evening out the skin tone. It might be somewhat helpful in preventing premature skin aging but solid evidence is lacking. A small manufacturer study also shows that, when used in high concentrations, it can help reduce sebum production and help against blocked pores~22–33%

GlycerinKey active· HumectantEffect: HighOne of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant~3.4–5.1%

BetaineKey active· HumectantEffect: HighHelps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture~0.85–1.25%

AllantoinKey active· HumectantEffect: HighHelps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated~0.5–1.2%

AdenosineKey activeEffect: MediumMight help improve cell turnover and reduce inflammation in skin. One study shows that the ingredients might be able to help reduce dynamic wrinkles (for example, in the corners of the eyes or on the forehead)~0.45–1.05%

Chlorella vulgaris extractKey activeEffect: MediumA plant extract that can help to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties~0.3–0.75%

Saccharide isomerateKey active· HumectantEffect: HighHelps attract water to the upper layer of the skin~0.15–0.65%

CholesterolKey active· EmollientEffect: HighAn emollient that is naturally found in skin~0.1–0.45%

Butylene glycol· HumectantEffect: LowUsed to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin~5.1–7.6%

Pentylene glycol· EmollientEffect: LowUsed to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture~1.3–1.9%

Caprylyl glycol· Humectant, EmollientEffect: LowHelps preserve products and creates a nice product texture~0.55–1.25%

Glyceryl stearate· EmollientEffect: LowAn emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together~0.15–0.6%

Bifida ferment lysateUnder-dosedConsists of remains of dead yeast bacteria cells. Helps to hydrate the skin and reduce irritation. Might has some anti-oxidant effect~1–1.5%

Laminaria digitata extractUnder-dosedSeaweed extract that helps the skin to attract water and make it more smooth for touch. Also shows promise of anti-aging properties, but good research is lacking at the moment~0.35–0.8%

Anti-oxidation

Side benefit · Galactomyces ferment filtrate, Adenosine + 5 more

Works well

This product contains antioxidants (galactomyces ferment filtrate) that can help neutralize free radicals in skin. By doing so, they can lessen the damage the skin gets from the UV light (sun).

Galactomyces ferment filtrateKey activeEffect: HighA yeast ferment filtrate (also known as Pitera - a trademarked name for the filtrate reserved by the SK-II brand). It helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin, can help neutralize antioxidants and can be helpful in evening out the skin tone. It might be somewhat helpful in preventing premature skin aging but solid evidence is lacking. A small manufacturer study also shows that, when used in high concentrations, it can help reduce sebum production and help against blocked pores~22–33%

AdenosineEffect: LowMight help improve cell turnover and reduce inflammation in skin. One study shows that the ingredients might be able to help reduce dynamic wrinkles (for example, in the corners of the eyes or on the forehead)~0.45–1.05%

Pelargonium graveolens flower oilEffect: LowAn essential oil. Can be irritating. Can become an allergen with oxidation~0.35–0.8%

Chlorella vulgaris extractEffect: LowA plant extract that can help to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties~0.3–0.75%

Rosmarinus officinalis leaf oilEffect: LowA plant oil with high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin. Can be used as a fragrance. Has anti-bacterial properties and might help neutralize free radicals on the surface of the skin~0.3–0.75%

Bifida ferment lysateUnder-dosedConsists of remains of dead yeast bacteria cells. Helps to hydrate the skin and reduce irritation. Might has some anti-oxidant effect~1–1.5%

Evens skin tone

Side benefit · Galactomyces ferment filtrate, Bifida ferment lysate

May help

The following ingredient (ingredients) in this product might be helpful, but there is no evidence to confirm that it actually works: galactomyces ferment filtrate.

Bifida ferment lysateEffect: Low, below effective doseConsists of remains of dead yeast bacteria cells. Helps to hydrate the skin and reduce irritation. Might has some anti-oxidant effect~1–1.5%

Can it cause trouble?

Irritancy

4 strong irritants: Citrus aurantium bergamia fruit oil, Lavandula hybrida oil + 2 more — patch-test recommended

High risk

We flagged 13 ingredients with irritancy potential. Severity depends on your sensitivity threshold; the table lists the worst offenders first.

IngredientFunctionIrritationEst. amount

Citrus aurantium bergamia fruit oilA plant oil with a high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin and lead to allergic reactions. Can lead to photosensitivityHigh~0.4–1%est.

Lavandula hybrida oilPlant extract that can be irritating and is a known allergenHigh~0.4–0.9%est.

Pelargonium graveolens flower oilAn essential oil. Can be irritating. Can become an allergen with oxidationHigh~0.35–0.8%est.

Rosmarinus officinalis leaf oilA plant oil with high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin. Can be used as a fragrance. Has anti-bacterial properties and might help neutralize free radicals on the surface of the skinHigh~0.3–0.75%est.

Phenethyl alcoholA fragrance. Can be irritatingHigh~0.35–0.8%est.

MethylpropanediolHelps dissolve other ingredients in a formulationMedium~2–3%est.

1,2-hexanediolA preservativeMedium~0.85–1.3%est.

Polyglyceryl-10 laurateHelps water and oil mix togetherMedium~1.4–2.2%est.

Pentylene glycolUsed to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product textureMedium~1.3–1.9%est.

Caprylyl glycolHelps preserve products and creates a nice product textureMedium~0.55–1.25%est.

EthylhexylglycerinA preservativeMedium~0.45–1.05%est.

Juniperus virginiana oilCedarwood oil. Used as a fragrance. Can be irritatingMedium~0.35–0.8%est.

Chlorella vulgaris extractA plant extract that can help to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory propertiesMedium~0.3–0.75%est.

Comedogenic

2 ingredients rated 2 or more on the 0–5 pore-clogging scale

2 flagged

These ingredients have a comedogenic rating of 2 or more on a 0–5 scale; the table shows each one's rating. In leave-on products they can clog pores in acne-prone skin.

IngredientFunctionRatingEst. amount

Laminaria digitata extractSeaweed extract that helps the skin to attract water and make it more smooth for touch. Also shows promise of anti-aging properties, but good research is lacking at the moment3/5~0.35–0.8%est.

Chlorella vulgaris extractA plant extract that can help to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties3/5~0.3–0.75%est.

Alternatives

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Ingredients

Filter by role to see what each ingredient is doing.

Galactomyces ferment filtrate~22–33%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-oxidationMattifyingEvens skin toneAnti-agingAnti-blemish

A yeast ferment filtrate (also known as Pitera - a trademarked name for the filtrate reserved by the SK-II brand). It helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin, can help neutralize antioxidants and can be helpful in evening out the skin tone. It might be somewhat helpful in preventing premature skin aging but solid evidence is lacking. A small manufacturer study also shows that, when used in high concentrations, it can help reduce sebum production and help against blocked pores

More about Galactomyces ferment filtrate

Water~12–18%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Plain old water

More about Water

Butylene glycol~5.1–7.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin

More about Butylene glycol

Glycerin~3.4–5.1%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant

More about Glycerin

Dipropylene glycol~2.5–3.7%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Helps to dissolve other ingredients in a formulation. Slows down the rate of product drying

More about Dipropylene glycol

Methylpropanediol~2–3%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Helps dissolve other ingredients in a formulation

More about Methylpropanediol

1,2-hexanediol~0.85–1.3%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

A preservative

More about 1,2-hexanediol

Polyglyceryl-10 laurate~1.4–2.2%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Cleansing

Helps water and oil mix together

More about Polyglyceryl-10 laurate

Pentylene glycol~1.3–1.9%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Moisturizing

Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture

More about Pentylene glycol

Bifida ferment lysate~1–1.5%

Under-dosed

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-oxidationEvens skin tone

Consists of remains of dead yeast bacteria cells. Helps to hydrate the skin and reduce irritation. Might has some anti-oxidant effect

More about Bifida ferment lysate

Betaine~0.85–1.25%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture

More about Betaine

Allantoin~0.5–1.2%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-inflammatoryReduces irritationReduces rednessAnti-blemishExfoliation

Helps calm down inflammation in skin and can help reduce itching. Helps to repair the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated

More about Allantoin

Caprylyl glycol~0.55–1.25%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture

More about Caprylyl glycol

Xanthan gum~0.5–1.15%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

Used to create a thicker product consistency

More about Xanthan gum

Adenosine~0.45–1.05%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Anti-agingMoisturizingAnti-oxidation

Might help improve cell turnover and reduce inflammation in skin. One study shows that the ingredients might be able to help reduce dynamic wrinkles (for example, in the corners of the eyes or on the forehead)

More about Adenosine

Ethylhexylglycerin~0.45–1.05%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

A preservative

More about Ethylhexylglycerin

Citrus aurantium bergamia fruit oil~0.4–1%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

A plant oil with a high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin and lead to allergic reactions. Can lead to photosensitivity

More about Citrus aurantium bergamia fruit oil

Pogostemon cablin oil~0.4–1%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Pogostemon cablin oil

Lavandula hybrida oil~0.4–0.9%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Plant extract that can be irritating and is a known allergen

More about Lavandula hybrida oil

Juniperus virginiana oil~0.35–0.8%

Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium

Cedarwood oil. Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating

More about Juniperus virginiana oil

Pelargonium graveolens flower oil~0.35–0.8%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

Anti-oxidation

An essential oil. Can be irritating. Can become an allergen with oxidation

More about Pelargonium graveolens flower oil

Artemisia vulgaris oil~0.3–0.7%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

More about Artemisia vulgaris oil

Rosmarinus officinalis leaf oil~0.3–0.75%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

Works for

AntibacterialAnti-oxidation

A plant oil with high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin. Can be used as a fragrance. Has anti-bacterial properties and might help neutralize free radicals on the surface of the skin

More about Rosmarinus officinalis leaf oil

Sea water~0.3–0.7%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Dissolves other ingredients. It does not have additional skin benefits compared to plain water

More about Sea water

Phenethyl alcohol~0.35–0.8%

Irritant · high

Irritation risk: High

A fragrance. Can be irritating

More about Phenethyl alcohol

Laminaria digitata extract~0.35–0.8%

Under-dosedComedogenic 3/5

Irritation risk: Low
Comedogenicity: 3/5

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-oxidationAnti-aging

Seaweed extract that helps the skin to attract water and make it more smooth for touch. Also shows promise of anti-aging properties, but good research is lacking at the moment

More about Laminaria digitata extract

Ceramide np~0.35–0.85%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingReduces irritationAnti-inflammatory

A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin

More about Ceramide np

Chlorella vulgaris extract~0.3–0.75%

Key activeComedogenic 3/5Irritant · medium

Irritation risk: Medium
Comedogenicity: 3/5

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-oxidationAnti-inflammatory

A plant extract that can help to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might have some anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties

More about Chlorella vulgaris extract

Saccharide isomerate~0.15–0.65%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Moisturizing

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin

More about Saccharide isomerate

Hydrogenated lecithin~0.15–0.65%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Cleansing

Helps to retain moisture by creating a protective barrier on the skin. Rich in fatty acids. Improves product texture and helps with the penetration of other ingredients.

More about Hydrogenated lecithin

Glyceryl stearate~0.15–0.6%

Formula

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

CleansingMoisturizing

An emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together

More about Glyceryl stearate

Ceramide ns~0.15–0.55%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingAnti-inflammatory

More about Ceramide ns

Ceramide as~0.1–0.4%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

MoisturizingReduces irritationAnti-inflammatory

More about Ceramide as

Ceramide ap~0.1–0.5%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Reduces irritationMoisturizingAnti-inflammatory

More about Ceramide ap

Cholesterol~0.1–0.45%

Key active

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

CleansingMoisturizing

An emollient that is naturally found in skin

More about Cholesterol

Ceramide eop~0.1–0.45%

Hero · Moisturizing

Irritation risk: Low

Works for

Reduces irritationMoisturizingAnti-inflammatory

More about Ceramide eop

Ingredient list view

Galactomyces ferment filtrate, Water, Butylene glycol, Glycerin, Dipropylene glycol, Methylpropanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, Polyglyceryl-10 laurate, Pentylene glycol, Bifida ferment lysate, Betaine, Allantoin, Caprylyl glycol, Xanthan gum, Adenosine, Ethylhexylglycerin, Citrus aurantium bergamia fruit oil, Pogostemon cablin oil, Lavandula hybrida oil, Juniperus virginiana oil, Pelargonium graveolens flower oil, Artemisia vulgaris oil, Rosmarinus officinalis leaf oil, Sea water, Phenethyl alcohol, Laminaria digitata extract, Ceramide np, Chlorella vulgaris extract, Saccharide isomerate, Hydrogenated lecithin, Glyceryl stearate, Ceramide ns, Ceramide as, Ceramide ap, Cholesterol, Ceramide eop

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Yesstyle

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Worth comparing, line by line.

Match % combines shared ingredients, the first five ingredients, shared actives and hero ingredients, irritancy (lower counts in the alternative's favour), texture and body area. Only products in the same routine step are compared.

Side-by-side comparison of this product against its closest alternatives
	BonjourBiome Shield Cera TonerYOUR PRODUCT	idealoveIt's All For You, Super-ferment Essence	NERISHSoy Ceramide Barrier Toner	CCLIMGLAMCerabiotics Treatment Essence
Match	—	63%	63%	60%
Price	—	—	$21.15	$25.01
Shared key ingredients	—	11 of 13	10 of 13	10 of 13
Key difference	—	Tripeptide-1	Niacinamide	Niacinamide
Irritancy	High	Medium	Medium	Low
Drying alcohol	—	—	—	—
	View product	Shop	Shop	Shop

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Product summary

"Bonjour - Biome Shield Cera Toner" is effective for: Anti-aging and Moisturizing

This product could be helpful for: Evens skin tone, but its actives are not the most effective or are not well-studied.

Ingredient callouts

Ceramides (ceramide np 0.50% - 1.20%, ceramide eop 0.55% - 1.30%, ceramide ns 0.85% - 1.30%, ceramide ap 1.00% - 1.60% and ceramide as 1.20% - 1.80%). Ceramides are an important part of our natural skin barrier. The Ceramides used in skincare are synthetic or come from plants. They help soften the skin and can help "fill the gaps" in the skin barrier, keeping the skin hydrated and resilient for longer.
Adenosine 0.15% - 0.70%. It is a compound that in involved in many biological processes inside the skin cells. According one high-quality clinical trial, topical Adenosine in low concentrations can somewhat help improve "deep wrinkles" - the wrinkles that appear with age in places where our faces are most dynamic (for example, on the forehead or in the corners of the eyes).
Humectants (saccharide isomerate 0.45% - 1.00%, betaine 0.45% - 1.05%, glycerin 2.70% - 4.10% and pitera 22.00% - 33.00%). These ingredients help attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improve the skin hydration.

Price

The product retails for 18.80$ in the United States.

For a detailed price comparison: click here.

Sources cited in this review

Every concentration estimate and effectiveness label is anchored to one of these 27 studies and safety reviews.

1
Effects of galactomyces ferment filtrate on epidermal barrier marker caspase-14 in human skin cells.doi.org
2
Galactomyces fermentation filtrate prevents T helper 2-mediated reduction of filaggrin in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent manneronlinelibrary.wiley.com
3
The Effects of Essence-Formed Cosmetic Ingredients Containing the Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate on Skin Improvements in Keratinization, Pores, Sebum Excretion, Brightness and Acnee-ajbc.org
4
Antioxidants cinnamaldehyde and Galactomyces fermentation filtrate downregulate senescence marker CDKN2A/p16INK4A via NRF2 activation in keratinocytesjdsjournal.com
5
Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Suppresses Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Promotes Cellular Redox Balance in Human Melanocytes via Nrf2-ARE Pathwaypdfs.semanticscholar.org
6
Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Suppresses Melanization and Oxidative Stress in Epidermal Melanocytesetd.ohiolink.edu
7
Glycerol and the skin: holistic approach to its origin and functionsncbi.nlm.nih.gov
8
The influence of alkane chain length on the skin irritation potential of 1,2-alkanediolsncbi.nlm.nih.gov
9
In Vitro Assessment of Skin Irritation Potential of Surfactant-based Formulations by Using a 3-D Skin Reconstructed Tissue Model and Cytokine Responseresearchgate.net
10
Bifidobacterium longumlysate, a new ingredient forreactive skinonlinelibrary.wiley.com
11
Use of Probiotics for Dermal Applicationsresearchgate.net
12
Profile of wound healing process induced by allantoinscielo.br
13
Evaluation of anti-wrinkle efficacy of adenosine-containing products using the FOITS techniquencbi.nlm.nih.gov
14
Safety Assessment of Citrus-Derived Peel Oils as Used in Cosmeticscir-safety.org
15
Oxidized citrus oil (R-limonene): A frequent skin sensitizer in Europesciencedirect.com
16
Air oxidation increases skin irritation from fragrance terpenesonlinelibrary.wiley.com
17
Fragrance Compound Geraniol Forms Contact Allergens on Air Exposure. Identification and Quantification of Oxidation Products and Effect on Skin Sensitization
18
Assessment report on Rosmarinus officinalis L., aetheroleum and Rosmarinus officinalis L., folium ema.europa.eu
19
Screening of plant extracts for antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts with dermatological relevancesciencedirect.com
20
Occupational contact dermatitis due to essential oilsonlinelibrary.wiley.com
21
The in vitro antimicrobial activity and chemometric modelling of 59 commercial essential oils against pathogens of dermatological relevanceonlinelibrary.wiley.com
22
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Rosemary and Sage (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L., Lamiaceae) Essential Oilspubs.acs.org
23
Chemical Composition, Plant Genetic Differences, Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity Investigation of the Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L.pubs.acs.org
24
Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Phenethyl Alcoholsemanticscholar.org
25
Skin hydration is significantly increased by a cream formulated to mimic the skin’s own natural moisturizing systemsncbi.nlm.nih.gov
26
Topically Applied Ceramides Interact with the Stratum Corneum Lipid Matrix in Compromised Ex Vivo Skinncbi.nlm.nih.gov
27
Topical emulsions containing ceramides: Effects on the skin barrier function and anti‐inflammatory propertiesonlinelibrary.wiley.com

BonjourBiome Shield Cera Toner

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As an Amazon Associate, WIMJ earns from qualifying purchases.