| 1 |
aqua/water/eau
| Plain old water |
| 2 |
squalane
| An oil naturally present in skin. Works as an emollient to soften the skin and form a protective layer on its surface without a greasy feeling. |
| 3 |
, 3-methylglucose disrearate, imperata cylindrica ,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 4 |
glycerine
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
| 5 |
sodium acrylate
| |
| 6 |
, sodium acryloyl, dimethyltaurate copolymer,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 7 |
sodium pca
| Naturally present in skin and helps to attract water to its upper layer |
| 8 |
simethicone
| A type of silicone that helps to create nice product texture and is used as an anti-foaming agent |
| 9 |
serine
| An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles |
| 10 |
aloe barbadensis leaf juice
| Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin |
| 11 |
tocopheryl acetate
| A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients. |
| 12 |
, ascorbylteraisopalitate , pichiaaommla extract,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 13 |
retinyl palmitate
| Three steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. To have an effect in the skin, it first needs to be converted twice to become the retinoic acid. This means it is less potent than retinol, but could also be less irritating. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, it helps against all signs of aging, improves skin cell turnover and helps fight blemishes and clogged pores. However, in many cosmetic formulations, it is used in a concentration that is too low to have the full effect |
| 14 |
biosaccaride gum 1
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and is claimed to provide a longer-lasting hydration because of its ability to create a water-binding film on the surface of the skin |
| 15 |
hyaluronic acid
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin. Naturally present in skin. Typically has large molecule size unless advertised otherwise on the product label. Helps support skin's barrier function and may help to reduce inflammation |
| 16 |
, jaminum sambac ,
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 17 |
rose damascena
| Contains essential oil. Can be irritating |
| 18 |
anthemisnoblis
| A plant extract that one one hand, can contain compounds that can help calm down skin irritation, but, on the other hand, its other compounds (especially fragrant ones) can themselves be irritating |
| 19 |
silantrol
| |
| 20 |
sorbic acid
| One of the few well researched potent anti-aging ingredients. When it is able to penetrate the skin in an active state, it is effective against fine lines and wrinkles, helps improve skin elasticity and reduce hyperpigmentation. It acts as a powerful anti-oxidant and stimulates collagen production. The main issue with ascorbic acid is that it is highly unstable, in other words, it is losing its effectivenss quickly when exposed to air and light (if a serum or cream containing ascorbic acid has an orange color, it is a likely that the ingredient has oxidized and is no longer active). In addition, it is water-soluble, meaning that it has difficulty pentrating the skin. It is also quite irritating, and can cause stinging. When used in low concentrations, helps stabilize the product formulation |
| 21 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
| 22 |
polysorbate 80
| Helps water and oil mix together |
| 23 |
carbomer
| Helps create a gel-like product texture. Can be used in gentle cleansing formulations |
| 24 |
, caperlyl
| The ingredient is not recognized |
| 25 |
clycol
| |
| 26 |
isohexadecane
| Improves the texture of the product and helps soften the skin. Helps oil and water mix together and can be used as a cleansing agent |
