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1
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aloe barbadensis leaf (aloe vera) juice
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Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin
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2
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butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter
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A great moisturising ingredient that softens the skin and reduces water loss from its upper layer. It also can be helpful in protecting skin from free radicals
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3
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helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil
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A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function
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4
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cetearyl alcohol
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A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture
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5
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propanediol
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Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin
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6
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water (aqua
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Plain old water
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7
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selaginella lepidophylla (rose of jericho) extract
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A plant extract that might be able to attract water to the upper layer of the skin, soften it and have some antioxidant effect, but evidence of effectiveness in skin is lacking
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8
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glycerin
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One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant
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9
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sodium stearoyl glutamate
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Helps oil and water mix together
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10
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vitis vinifera (grape) juice extract
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Contains AHAs that exfoliate the upper layer of the skin. Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin due to the sugar content
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11
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punica granatum (pomegranate) seed oil
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Helps soften the upper layer of the skin
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12
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argania spinosa (argan) kernel oil
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An emollient that helps soften the upper layer of the skin. Might have some weak anti-oxidant properties
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13
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simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) seed oil
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Softens the upper layer of skin and helps restore the healthy skin barrier. Has shown to help calm down inflammation in skin. It is a stable oil, meaning that it retains its properties even when exposed to air.
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14
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persea gratissima (avocado) oil
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An emollient that helps soften the skin and could be helpful in repairing its barrier function
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15
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rosa canina (rosehip) fruit oil
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A great emollient. Contains vitamin E (tocopherol) which may give it some anti-oxidant properties. Can contain volatile compounds and can be irritating
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16
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citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) peel oil
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An essentil oil from orange peel. Potential allergen and can be irritating
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17
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pelargonium graveolens (geranium) flower oil
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An essential oil. Can be irritating. Can become an allergen with oxidation
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18
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lavandula angustifolia (lavender) oil
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An essential oil. Potential allergen and can be irritating. It has some anti-bacterial properties
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19
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pogostemon cablin (patchouli ) leaf oil
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20
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eugenia caryophyllus (clove) bud oil
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21
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vetiveria zizanoides (vetiver) root oil
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22
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cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon ) bark oil
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23
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cananga odorata flower (ylang ylang) oil
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An essential oil. Can be irritating
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24
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glycine soja (soybean) oil
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A good emollient that helps soften the skin and helps repair its barrier function
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25
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tocopherol (vitamin e
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Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself
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26
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lactobacillus ferment
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A fermentation product created by bacteria Lactobacillus. The fermented product has anti-bacterial properties and might be helpful in calming down inflammation, but studies are lacking. Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Can be used as a preservative
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27
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xanthan gum
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Used to create a thicker product consistency
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28
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citric acid
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Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH
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29
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sodium levulinate
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A preservative
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30
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glyceryl caprylate
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An emollient that can also help water and oil mix together, as well as prevent bacteria growth in products
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31
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sodium citrate
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Helps to control the skin's pH level. Maintains the skin's natural film of amino-lactic acids and oils. Helps to preserve products
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32
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sodium anisate
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Used as a fragrance
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33
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benzyl alcohol
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A preservative. Can be used to mask unpleasant smell. Can be irritating
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34
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limonene
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A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat
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35
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geraniol
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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36
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eugenol
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A fragrance. Is a likely irritant
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37
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citronellol
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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38
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linalool
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A fragrance. Can be irritating
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39
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cinnamal
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