ESPA Isotonic Cooling Body Hydrator

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrier function

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrir function

A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant

A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Could be helpful in restoring the skin barrier function

A non-drying alcohol. Works as an emollient. Helps water and oil mix together and creates a nice product texture

A plant oil that helps soften the upper layer of the skin. Is unlikely to be helpful in restoring skin barrier function due to the low content of linoleic acid

Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin

Used as a fragrance. Can be irritating

An exfoliating and moisturizing alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). Typically causes less irritation than other AHAs, for example, glycolic acid. At high concentrations (about 15%), lactic acid can help reduce lines and wrinkles. Recent studies show that lactic acid can support the "good" bacteria living on skin's surface (healthy skin microbiome)

Might be somewhat helpful in reducing hyperpigmentation and neutralizing free radicals but its typical concentration in a product is too low for having an effect