ESPA Beauty Sleep

Inhibits acne-causing bacteria on the surface of the skin. Can help to reduce inflammation caused by bacteria. Helps neutralize free radicals in skin. Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin

A stable derivative of vitamin C. It is oil-soluble which means it is more likely to penetrate the skin compared to the pure form of vitamin C (which is water-soluble), but it is less bio-available and is way less effective in stimulating collagen and reducing wrinkles compared to the pure form of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) and its other derivatives (for example, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate). At the same time, this vitamin C derivative has been shown in studies to be effective in reducing acne, blemishes and clogged pores. It is less irritating then the pure form of vitamin C

A compound that combines zinc with a hydrating ingredient PCA. Might to be helpful against acne and clogged pores. Can help calm down inflammation in skin. Could be helpful in reducing the formation of free radicals in skin. Might help to reduce fine lines in wrinkles, but solid evidence is missing

A vitamin C derivative that is more stable but less potent than pure form of vitamin C. Has a potential to boost collagen production, nutralise free radicals and reduce hyperpigmentation, but the required concentration is likely to be much higher than for the pure form of vitamin C, limiting the ingredient's effectiveness in products

A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients.

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrir function

Red algae extract that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and create a nicer product consistency

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Often used as a part of an ingredient complex Physiogenyl together with Sodium PCA, Magnesium PCA and Zinc PCA. The manufacturer claims that it does more than attracting water, but there is no evidence or studies supporting this claim

One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin

Naturally present in skin and helps to attract water to its upper layer

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and repair the skin barrier function

A compound that combines zinc with a hydrating ingredient PCA. Might to be helpful against acne and clogged pores. Can help calm down inflammation in skin. Could be helpful in reducing the formation of free radicals in skin. Might help to reduce fine lines in wrinkles, but solid evidence is missing

Helps soften the upper layer of the skin

Inhibits acne-causing bacteria on the surface of the skin. Can help to reduce inflammation caused by bacteria. Helps neutralize free radicals in skin. Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin

An emollient that helps soften the skin and create a nice product texture

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Could be helpful in restoring the skin barrier function

Helps soften the upper layer of the skin and improve the product texture

An emollient that softens the skin and forms a protective layer on its surface. Helps water and oil mix together

Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture

An emollient that can also help water and oil mix together, as well as prevent bacteria growth in products

Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and improves the product texture

Used mostly for creating emulsions - helping oil and water mix together. Helps soften the upper layer of the skin