1 |
water/aqua/eau
| Plain old water |
2 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
3 |
butylene glycol
| Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin |
4 |
ethoxydiglycol
| Helps to improve the product consistency |
5 |
lactic acid
| An exfoliating and moisturizing alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). Typically causes less irritation than other AHAs, for example, glycolic acid. At high concentrations (about 15%), lactic acid can help reduce lines and wrinkles. Recent studies show that lactic acid can support the "good" bacteria living on skin's surface (healthy skin microbiom) |
6 |
salvia hispanica (chia) seed extract
| A plant extract that typically contains linolenic and linoleic acids that help soften the upper layer of the skin and can support skin barrier function |
7 |
sodium pca
| Naturally present in skin and helps to attract water to its upper layer |
8 |
palmitoyl tripeptide-5
| A type of peptide. Peptides are excellent moisturizers and might be able support collagen production reducing fine lines and wrinkles |
9 |
sophora japonica flower extract
| |
10 |
ascorbyl methylsilanol pectinate
| A stable derivative of pectin and vitamin C. It might help neutralize free radicals in skin, but evidence of effectiveness is lacking. Helps create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the product formulation |
11 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
12 |
tocopherol
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
13 |
dipotassium glycyrrhizate
| A salt derived from licorice. Works as an emollient to soften the upper layer of the skin and can help calm down inflammation. Might be helpful for skin lightening |
14 |
aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate
| A more stable but less potent derivative of vitamin C. It can help neautralize free radicals and even out the skin tone if used in high enough concentration (required levels are likely to be much higher than for pure vitamin C, and solid studies are lacking at the moment) |
15 |
trehalose
| A sugar that attracts water to the upper layer of the skin |
16 |
polyacrylate-13
| Used to create a thicker product consistency and stabilize the product formulation |
17 |
propanediol
| Acts as a solvent for other ingredients. Speeds up the absorption of other ingredients into the skin |
18 |
citrus grandis (grapefruit) peel oil
| A plant oil with high content of volatile compounds that, especially when exposed to air, can cause allergic reactions and irritate the skin |
19 |
helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil
| A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function |
20 |
polyisobutene
| Used to improve the product consistency |
21 |
methylpropanediol
| Helps dissolve other ingredients in a formulation |
22 |
carrageenan
| Helps thicken the product formula and create a nice product formulation |
23 |
pentylene glycol
| Used to preserve products, dissolve other ingredients and create a nice product texture |
24 |
glyceryl polyacrylate
| Helps to create a nice product texture and spread the product more easily on the skin |
25 |
caprylyl glycol
| Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture |
26 |
ethylhexylglycerin
| A preservative |
27 |
tetrasodium glutamate diacetate
| Helps stabilize the product formulation |
28 |
xanthan gum
| Used to create a thicker product consistency |
29 |
polysorbate 20
| Helps oil and water mix together |
30 |
limonene
| A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat |
31 |
sodium hydroxide
| Used to adjust the product's pH |
32 |
phenoxyethanol
| A preservative. It helps prevent bacterial growth in cosmetic products |