1 |
water
| Plain old water |
2 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
3 |
potassium cocoyl glycinate
| |
4 |
lauramidopropyl betaine
| |
5 |
hydroxypropyl starch phosphate
| Helps oil and water mix together and used to stabilize product formulations |
6 |
acrylates copolymer
| Used to stabilize product formulation, help create an even product layer over skin (for example, in sunscreen) and create a thicker product consistency |
7 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
8 |
sodium chloride
| Used to stabilize mixtures of oil and water, and create thicker, gel-like product textures |
9 |
potassium cocoate
| Helps oil and water mix together and works as a cleansing agent |
10 |
hydroxyacetophenone
| Used to increase effectiveness of preservatives |
11 |
dipropylene glycol
| Helps to dissolve other ingredients in a formulation. Slows down the rate of product drying |
12 |
caprylyl glycol
| Helps preserve products and creates a nice product texture |
13 |
citrus aurantium bergamia (bergamot) fruit oil
| A plant oil with a high content of volatile compounds that can irritate the skin and lead to allergic reactions. Can lead to photosensitivity |
14 |
panthenol
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help improve skin barrier function |
15 |
butylene glycol
| Used to create a nice product texture and help delivery of other ingredients. Might be somewhat helpful in attracting water to the upper layer of the skin |
16 |
1,2-hexanediol
| A preservative |
17 |
sodium pca
| Naturally present in skin and helps to attract water to its upper layer |
18 |
sodium lactate
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Is often used to adjust the pH level of the product |
19 |
dipotassium glycyrrhizate
| A salt derived from licorice. Works as an emollient to soften the upper layer of the skin and can help calm down inflammation. Might be helpful for skin lightening |
20 |
centella asiatica extract
| A plant extract that has been shown to be able to reduce inflammation in skin, support restoration of skin barrier function, as well as support collagen production. Contains active compounds called centelloids: asiaticoside, madecasosside, asiatic acid and madecassic acid. Might be helpful in preventing stretch marks. It can be itself be irritating though. |
21 |
houttuynia cordata extract
| |
22 |
arginine
| An amino acid that is naturally present in skin and helps keep it hydrated. When used together with AHAs, it can reduce their irritating effect on the skin |
23 |
cyanocobalamin
| Can support skin barrier function and reduce inflammation in skin |
24 |
aspartic acid
| An amino-acid that helps increase skin hydration and might help to slightly improve skin firmness, potentially reducing lines and wrinkles |
25 |
sapindus trifoliatus fruit extract
| |
26 |
pca
| Naturally present in skin and helps to attract water to its upper layer |
27 |
xanthan gum
| Used to create a thicker product consistency |
28 |
glycine
| Helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can help restore the skin barrier function |
29 |
alanine
| An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin and might help to lighten the skin, but solid evidence is lacking |
30 |
gluconolactone
| A polyhydroxy acid (PHA) that helps shed the dead cells from the skin surface revealing smoother skin. Is believed to be genter than AHAs. It helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and can stimulate production of skin's own hyaluronic acid resulting inimporved hydration levels. It has been shown to be helpful against acne and clogged pores. Might help reduce fine lines and wrinkles and improve skin tone with long-term application. Can help neutralize free radicals |
31 |
portulaca oleracea extract
| A plant extract that has some anti-oxidant activity, but solid research is lacking. Can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin |
32 |
saururus chinensis extract
| Plant extract that might have some anti-inflammatory properties |
33 |
melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) leaf oil
| An essential oil that can be irritating. Has some anti-bacterial properties |
34 |
zinc pca
| A compound that combines zinc with a hydrating ingredient PCA. Might to be helpful against acne and clogged pores. Can help calm down inflammation in skin. Could be helpful in reducing the formation of free radicals in skin. Might help to reduce fine lines in wrinkles, but solid evidence is missing |
35 |
capryloyl salicylic acid
| |
36 |
serine
| An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles |
37 |
valine
| |
38 |
isoleucine
| An amino acid that can help attract water to the upper layer of the skin and support skin's barrier function |
39 |
threonine
| An amino-acid that helps to attract water to the upper layer of the skin. In combination with other amino-acids, might help to reduce fine lines and wrinkles |
40 |
proline
| |
41 |
asiaticoside
| An active compound of Centella Asiatica plant extract. In combination with other active compounds of Centella Asiatica extract (madecasosside, asiatic
acid and madecassic acid), asiaticoside has been shown to be helpful in wound-healing, restoring skin barrier function and supporting collagen production in skin. It can, however, itself be irritating |
42 |
madecassic acid
| An active compound of Centella Asiatica plant extract. In combination with other active compounds of Centella Asiatica extract (asiaticoside, madecasosside and asiatic
acid), madecassic acid has been shown to be helpful in wound-healing, restoring skin barrier function and supporting collagen production in skin. It can, however, itself be irritating |
43 |
asiatic acid
| An active compound of Centella Asiatica plant extract. In combination with other active compounds of Centella Asiatica extract (asiaticoside, madecasosside and madecassic acid) asiatic acid has been shown to be helpful in wound-healing, restoring skin barrier function and supporting collagen production in skin. It can, however, itself be irritating |
44 |
caprylic/capric triglyceride
| A good mix of fatty acids that forms a protective layer on the skin. Improves the shelf life of products. Derived from coconut and glycerin |
45 |
phenylalanine
| |
46 |
histidine
| |
47 |
artemisia vulgaris extract
| A plant extract that might have some anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. It can be irritating |
48 |
aloe barbadensis leaf extract
| Traditionally used to treat sunburns, dermatitis and inflammation, but evidence for its effectiveness is lacking. The extract can contain humectants that help attract water into the skin |
49 |
ethylhexylglycerin
| A preservative |
50 |
acorus calamus root extract
| |
51 |
adansonia digitata seed oil
| |
52 |
ceramide np
| A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin |
53 |
glucose
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Could be helpful in restoring the skin barrier function |
54 |
hydrogenated lecithin
| Helps to retain moisture by creating a protective barrier on the skin. Rich in fatty acids. Improves product texture and helps with the penetration of other ingredients. |
55 |
phospholipids
| Emollients that are naturaly present in skin. In addition, they help water and oil mix together in the product |
56 |
sodium hyaluronate
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
57 |
chondrus crispus (carrageenan) extract
| Red algae extract that helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin and create a nicer product consistency |
58 |
melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) leaf extract
| An essential oil that can be irritating. Has some anti-bacterial properties |
59 |
cholesterol
| An emollient that is naturally found in skin |
60 |
tocopheryl acetate
| A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients. |
61 |
hydroxypropyltrimonium hyaluronate
| |
62 |
madecassoside
| An antioxidant that is typically derived from plant Centella Asiatica. It can help neutralize free radicals in skin and support skin barrier function. It could, however, itself be irritating |
63 |
ceramide ns
| A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin |
64 |
ceramide as
| A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin |
65 |
ceramide eop
| A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin |
66 |
ceramide ap
| A type of lipid similar to ceramides naturally present in skin. Helps to soften the upper layer of the skin and supports the skin barrier function to keep it hydrated. Can help to prevent inflammation in skin |
67 |
hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin. A version of it is naturally present in skin |
68 |
sodium acetylated hyaluronate
| A type of hyaluronic acid that works as an excellent moisturizer by attracting water into the upper layer of the skin. Is typically feels less sticky on the skin compared to the usual hyaluronic acid |
69 |
hyaluronic acid
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin. Naturally present in skin. Typically has large molecule size unless advertised otherwise on the product label. Helps support skin's barrier function and may help to reduce inflammation |
70 |
phytosterols
| Lipids that work as an emollient and can be helpful in repairing skin barrier function |
71 |
sodium hyaluronate crosspolymer
| Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
72 |
hydrolyzed sodium hyaluronate
| Attracts water into the upper layer of the skin |
73 |
potassium hyaluronate
| |
74 |
limonene
| A common frangrance that can easily irritate skin, especially if exposed to air, light or heat |
75 |
linalool
| A fragrance. Can be irritating |