1 |
aqua (water
| Plain old water |
2 |
sodium trideceth sulfate
| |
3 |
helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil
| A great emollient due to its high linoleic acid content. One of the most effective plant oils in helping skin hydration and repairing skin barrier function |
4 |
prunus amygdalus dulcis (sweet almond) oil
| Helps soften the upper layer of the skin |
5 |
sodium lauroamphoacetate
| |
6 |
cocamide mea
| |
7 |
sodium chloride
| Used to stabilize mixtures of oil and water, and create thicker, gel-like product textures |
8 |
citric acid
| Can work as an exfoliant but is typically used to adjust the product pH |
9 |
glycerin
| One of the best moisturizing ingredients. Naturally present in skin. It attracts water to the upper layer of the skin working as a humectant |
10 |
vaccinium myrtillus leaf extract
| |
11 |
prunus persica (peach) kernel oil
| |
12 |
sodium benzoate
| A preservative |
13 |
guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride
| Helps water and oil mix together and create a nice product texture |
14 |
plukenetia volubilis seed oil
| A plant oil that works as a good moisturizer by softening the upper layer of the skin. Might be helpful in reducing inflammation in skin and reducing blemishes due to the large content of linoleic acid |
15 |
parfum (fragrance
| An aromatic blend of unspecified irritating ingredients |
16 |
tocopheryl acetate
| A more stable but less bio-available form of vitamin E compared to Tocopherol. Might help moisturize and protect the skin from free radicals, but mostly used in low concentrations to stabilize other ingredients. |
17 |
hydrolyzed rice protein
| Helps attract water to the upper layer of the skin. Might have some anti-oxidant properties |
18 |
retinyl palmitate
| Three steps removed from the active form of vitamin A - retinoic acid. To have an effect in the skin, it first needs to be converted twice to become the retinoic acid. This means it is less potent than retinol, but could also be less irritating. Once converted to the retinoic acid in the skin, it helps against all signs of aging, improves skin cell turnover and helps fight blemishes and clogged pores. However, in many cosmetic formulations, it is used in a concentration that is too low to have the full effect |
19 |
benzyl alcohol
| A preservative. Can be used to mask unpleasant smell. Can be irritating |
20 |
sodium glycolate
| |
21 |
potassium sorbate
| A preservative |
22 |
tocopherol
| Pure form of vitamin E. Can help moisturise and protect the skin from free radicals. Often used to help stabilise other ingredients or the formula itself |
23 |
bht
| A preservative |