Sensitive skin & reactive skin: what to avoid?
If you have sensitive or reactive skin, what not to do is at least as important as what you actively undertake in terms of skincare. Many dermatologists, including our advisor and renowned expert on skin sensitivity Dr. Sandy Skotnicki, believe that using too many products, and using too harsh products is at least in part responsible for the growing number of people suffering from reactive skin.
Here is a quick list of things that people with sensitive, or reactive skin should avoid and even a cheesy acronym that might help you to remember the list better: OOPS-FF . It stands for: O ver-cleansing, O ver-exfoliating, P lant extracts, S oap & harsh surfactants, F ragrance, and F ormaldehyde-releasing preservatives (feel free to ignore the acronym, staying away from cheesy things is a very commendable stance 😉).
If you have sensitive skin, it’s best to avoid:
O ver-cleansing. Most people do not need to cleanse their facial skin more than once per day. Every time you are washing your skin even with a mild cleanser or just water, you are causing some damage to the skin barrier. There is no benefit of cleansing when your skin is not dirty (for example, when you wake up in the morning if you’ve removed your sunscreen and pollution from the day the night before).
O ver-exfoliating. Removing the upper layer of your skin logically makes your skin barrier weaker. Dead skin cells on the surface of your skin are not useless: they serve like bricks in a wall physically protecting the deeper layers of your skin from environmental aggressors and potential irritants.
P lant extracts. Botanical extracts are very complex in terms of their chemical composition, and many of their compounds can trigger an immune response from our skin leading to an irritant or allergic reaction. Many plants that have a reputation for their “calming” properties like lavender or chamomile have earned it due to their pleasant smell or taste, but chemicals in these botanical extracts are known to be potent skin allergens and irritants.
S oap and harsh surfactants. Surfactants are a type of molecules that have one water-loving, and one oil-loving end. Because of this property, surfactants work as cleansing agents and can help deactivate many bacteria and viruses. The downside of their action is the effect on the natural skin barrier: surfactants can remove natural skin lipids, bind to skin proteins causing irritant reactions, and disrupt the natural pH of the skin surface. Some surfactants - like traditional soap (even the one made from all-natural ingredients like lovely-sounding oils & butters!) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate are especially likely to interfere with the skin barrier. This is why it is better to opt for milder cleansing agents for skin washing (modern gentle hand, face and body washes often contain a mixture of surfactants which seems to reduce the risk of skin irritation).
F ragrance. This is a large group of volatile compounds that are used to make products smell nice or mask the unpleasant odor of other product ingredients. Fragrances, both natural (like essential oils) and synthetic, are one of the most frequent triggers of skin irritation and allergies. They do not have a positive effect on the skin, and it’s safer to avoid them if your skin is sensitive.
F ormaldehyde-releasing preservatives: diazolidinyl urea, imidazolidinyl urea, quaternium-15, DMDM hydantoin, sodium hydroxymethylglycinate. These preservatives are known to be frequent skin allergens and irritants, even though the amount of formaldehyde they release is way too small to trigger other negative health effects associated with formaldehyde (formaldehyde is not used in cosmetic products today). Luckily, this class of preservatives is being gradually phased out by the cosmetic industry, but you can still come across products that use them (be especially wary of shampoos, conditioners, and lotions provided in hotels and gyms).
Photo: Diana Akhmetianova
